chp 10 Flashcards
alfred adler
individual psych, thought SOCIAL CONDITIONS were imp in personality
social interest: desire to relate positively w other ppl
thought freud had excessive focus on sex
adlers 3 fundamental tasks of life
- occupational tasks
- societal tasks
- love tasks
masculine protest
by adler
desire of adults to act/be powerful
- feel inadequate as kids
- in men AND women
- boys bcs most powerful person in life is mother
organ inferiority
adler
phys weakness/inferiority influences personality dev
try to compensate for childhood inferiority
style of life
adler
mode of behaviour based on compensations for childhood inferiorities
cooperation
adler says allows to achieve what couldn’t on own
adler personality types
based on social function and activity lvl
ruling-dominant: low social function, high activity
getting-leaning: low both
avoiding: very low social, low activity
socially useful: high both
carl jung
influenced by history, myths, archaeology, religion
said mental illness was unwillingness to experience legit suffering
jung parts of the mind
- conscious ego: our awareness
- personal unconscious: thoughts not in conc awareness
- compensates for imbalance i.e. dreams to emphasize opp of attitudes - collective unconc: memories all humans share
archetypes
jung
core ideas of how ppl think abt world
- dreams, myths, literature
love at first sight
jung
carry image/archetype of potential partner
love whoever fits it
persona, anima/aminus, shadow
persona: socially prescribed rules, ID what we display
- is false to a degree
anima/animus: idea/prototype of fe/male held in the mind of opp sex
shadow: unacceptable parts of self, hidden from self and others
- project onto others
jung’s explanation for intro/extraversion
get energy from internal self or from external self
karen horney
feminist neo-analytic theory
- rejected freud’s penis envy
- says men envious of ability to bear kids
freud: sex and aggression
horney: focus on culture, society, relationships
- cultural diffs impact psychopathology
- seek safety, not pleasure
basic anxiety
horney
child fears being alone and helpless in world
may generalize anxious attitude towards parents and people, express to outer world
basic evil in parents
horney
cold, indifferent, hostile to kids well-being
- kids survival depends on responsiveness
- sibling favouritism
- criticism, unfulfilled promises, changing affection, abuse
- can be caused by parents neuroses
what does basic evil lead to
horney
basic hostility in kids
- bcs dependent on parents, must repress hostility
- feel helpless, fear, love, guilt
- repressed feelings –> feel unworthy, anc
neurotic trends
horney
develop as strategy to feel safe, but not realistic or desirable
- moving toward: see self as loving, genuine, sensitive of others
- moving against: exploitation, aggressive, seek control and admiration
- moving away: find peace by avoiding ppl and escape
erik erikson
neo-analytic stage theory
basic conflicts arise from first years to end of life
erikson stages
- trust vs mistrust: learn if needs will be met, ignored, overindulged
- dev hope and confidence - autonomy vs shame: self-control
- initiative vs guilt: anticipate life as adult
- right and wrong, competency - industry vs inferiority: dev skills for workforce
- control imagination and energy - identity vs confusion: who you are and importance
- values and goals - intimacy vs isolation: partner
- generativity vs stagnation: contribute to future gen
- integrity vs despair: feel life was meaningful, prep for death
objective relations theory
made by klein and winnicot
objects: emotionally important people
- we relate to others via images of them in our minds
- images may not match reality
help work through irrational defenses and minimize difference b/w false self and true self
4 themes objective relations theory
- all relations have satisfaction and frustration
- mix love and hate, imp ppl are both
- distinction b/w parts of love object and whole person
- psyche is aware of and disturbed by conflicting feelings
false self
klein
prevents exposure of true self
perceptual defense
unconscious mind can perceive things w/o conscious awareness
- to prevent anx
- i.e. recognize dirty words that cause anx vs neutral words
- anal seen as canal
- ignore anti-smoking ad if smoker
