chp 10

Question 1

alfred adler

Answer 1

individual psych, thought SOCIAL CONDITIONS were imp in personality

social interest: desire to relate positively w other ppl

thought freud had excessive focus on sex

Question 2

adlers 3 fundamental tasks of life

Answer 2

1. occupational tasks
2. societal tasks
3. love tasks

Question 3

masculine protest

Answer 3

by adler

desire of adults to act/be powerful
- feel inadequate as kids
- in men AND women
- boys bcs most powerful person in life is mother

Question 4

organ inferiority

Answer 4

adler

phys weakness/inferiority influences personality dev

try to compensate for childhood inferiority

Question 5

style of life

Answer 5

adler

mode of behaviour based on compensations for childhood inferiorities

Question 6

cooperation

Answer 6

adler says allows to achieve what couldn’t on own

Question 7

adler personality types

Answer 7

based on social function and activity lvl

ruling-dominant: low social function, high activity

getting-leaning: low both

avoiding: very low social, low activity

socially useful: high both

Question 8

carl jung

Answer 8

influenced by history, myths, archaeology, religion

said mental illness was unwillingness to experience legit suffering

Question 9

jung parts of the mind

Answer 9

1. conscious ego: our awareness
2. personal unconscious: thoughts not in conc awareness
   - compensates for imbalance i.e. dreams to emphasize opp of attitudes
3. collective unconc: memories all humans share

Question 10

archetypes

Answer 10

jung

core ideas of how ppl think abt world
- dreams, myths, literature

Question 11

love at first sight

Answer 11

jung

carry image/archetype of potential partner

love whoever fits it

Question 12

persona, anima/aminus, shadow

Answer 12

persona: socially prescribed rules, ID what we display
- is false to a degree

anima/animus: idea/prototype of fe/male held in the mind of opp sex

shadow: unacceptable parts of self, hidden from self and others
- project onto others

Question 13

jung’s explanation for intro/extraversion

Answer 13

get energy from internal self or from external self

Question 14

karen horney

Answer 14

feminist neo-analytic theory
- rejected freud’s penis envy
- says men envious of ability to bear kids

freud: sex and aggression

horney: focus on culture, society, relationships
- cultural diffs impact psychopathology
- seek safety, not pleasure

Question 15

basic anxiety

Answer 15

horney

child fears being alone and helpless in world

may generalize anxious attitude towards parents and people, express to outer world

Question 16

basic evil in parents

Answer 16

horney

cold, indifferent, hostile to kids well-being
- kids survival depends on responsiveness
- sibling favouritism
- criticism, unfulfilled promises, changing affection, abuse
- can be caused by parents neuroses

Question 17

what does basic evil lead to

Answer 17

horney

basic hostility in kids
- bcs dependent on parents, must repress hostility
- feel helpless, fear, love, guilt
- repressed feelings –> feel unworthy, anc

Question 18

neurotic trends

Answer 18

horney

develop as strategy to feel safe, but not realistic or desirable

1. moving toward: see self as loving, genuine, sensitive of others
2. moving against: exploitation, aggressive, seek control and admiration
3. moving away: find peace by avoiding ppl and escape

Question 19

erik erikson

Answer 19

neo-analytic stage theory

basic conflicts arise from first years to end of life

Question 20

erikson stages

Answer 20

1. trust vs mistrust: learn if needs will be met, ignored, overindulged
   - dev hope and confidence
2. autonomy vs shame: self-control
3. initiative vs guilt: anticipate life as adult
   - right and wrong, competency
4. industry vs inferiority: dev skills for workforce
   - control imagination and energy
5. identity vs confusion: who you are and importance
   - values and goals
6. intimacy vs isolation: partner
7. generativity vs stagnation: contribute to future gen
8. integrity vs despair: feel life was meaningful, prep for death

Question 21

objective relations theory

Answer 21

made by klein and winnicot

objects: emotionally important people
- we relate to others via images of them in our minds
- images may not match reality

help work through irrational defenses and minimize difference b/w false self and true self

Question 22

4 themes objective relations theory

Answer 22

1. all relations have satisfaction and frustration
2. mix love and hate, imp ppl are both
3. distinction b/w parts of love object and whole person
4. psyche is aware of and disturbed by conflicting feelings

Question 23

false self

Answer 23

klein

prevents exposure of true self

Question 24

perceptual defense

Answer 24

unconscious mind can perceive things w/o conscious awareness

• to prevent anx
• i.e. recognize dirty words that cause anx vs neutral words
• anal seen as canal
• ignore anti-smoking ad if smoker

Question 25

parallel distributed processing

Answer 25

info in brain processes parallelly at same time

many systems give info