Chordata Quiz Flashcards by Rebecca Wood

Entero?

Intestines

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Pneusta?

Abnormal breathing

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Brachia?

branches

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Ptero?

Wings

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Chord?

Sting

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Hemi?

Half

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Cephalon?

Head

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Uro?

Tail

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What is the simularities between hemichordates and chorates?

Gill Slits

Live in shallow water

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What are the differences between hemichorates and chordates?

Hemi: Stomochord
Chord: Notochord
Hemi: Bones like starfish
Chord: bones like stiffcord
Hemi: Tube dweller
Chord: lives in tunic

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What are the five hallmarks all Chordates have?

Notochord
Dorsal Tubular Nerve Chord
Pharyngeal Pouches and Slits
Endostyle (Thyroid)
Postanal Tail

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What is the notochord?

flexable rod like structure that acts as a spine

Dense fiberous cells: cartalagenous spine that is one continueous tube

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What is a dorsal tubular nerve chord?

A hollow chord
the antieror end becomes enlarged to form the brain
the nervous chord is protected by the neutral arches and th brain is protected by the cranium
Helps us move and picks up sensory and makes solutions.

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What is the Pharyngeal Pouches and slits?

Can take in oxygen and filter feeding structure

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What is the Endostyle?

Helps with growth and development

Mucus can be used with phayngeal cavity to help food stick to the gills

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What is the Postanal Tail?

With somatic muscular and notochord, provides the mobility for swimming
Used for propolsion in the water
Used for balance

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What is a urochordata?

Most are seditary, but some are free swimming
Live on the shore lines with tunics (shell like)
During adult metamorphisis, the notocord and tail disappear
U shaped heart

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What is paedomorphosis?

Neoteny: Body lags in sexual development
Progenisis: Sped up sexual development
Abnormal sexual development

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What organs does a hemichordata have?

Buccal Diverticulum: Hard pallet

Pharyngeal: gill slits

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What is enteropneusta?

intestine breathing

hemichordate

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What is the Chordata lifecycle?

Zygote
Blastula 
Gameate
Tadpole larva
Either Metamorphisis or Paedomorphisis
Adult

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What is the cladogram tree of chordates?

Kindom Animilia
Bilateria
Dueterostomia
Phylum Chordata

What is a Cephalochordata?

Head Chordate
Mobile
Filter Feeder using cillia
Have V shaped myomeres
Have Brain
Lanceletes (spear like)/ Amphiouxus (both sides sharp)
Chordate

What is a Pterobrachia?

Wing branch
Shallow water
Lives in tubes
1-7 mm
Suspension feeder
asexual
Hemichordate

What are HOX genes?

Master genes of development regulating the expression of subordinate genes

What do HOX genes do?

Regulate neuralcrest cells Then forms Ectodermal Placodes New Traits

Otic Vessical?

Sends vibrations back to brain

What does the hind brain regulate?

Balance

What does the middle brain regulate?

Emotional

Scents connect to which part of the brain?

Middle Brain

Vision connects to which part of the brain?

front part

What is the thing that protects the brain?

Cranium

What is an eye?

Gives visual to brain

Where does blood go through?

The gill slits Runs back and forth from intestines And the heart

What kind of heart does it have?

Chambered | Increases the energy level

What is the ohfactory bulb?

smell sense

Where does the ohfactory bulb connect to?

Middle Brain

Myomeres?

Muscles

What are the 4 traits to the verttabrata?

Tripartite Brain Cranium Chambered HEart W Shaped Myomeres

How many HOX genes did Vertebrata have?

In vertebrates, what becomes more muscular?

Its jaw | Musclular pharynx

How does vertebrates eat?

Opens its mouth to have water and food particles go in and the water goes out the gills Jaw bones are started here

Where do jaws come from?

Gill slits go from having 7 of them to 5 and 2 becomes jaws because the gills were hitting the cranium and the cranium moved it to the upper mouth part and becomes a gill arch. (Same for second but it goes to the lower mouth)

What is a chambered heart?

It seperates oxygenated blood and dioxyngenated blood

WHat is the difference between V shaped and W shaped myomere

V: Has only a concentrated strength (cephalochordata) W: Can have more strength in more parts of hte party (Vertebrata)

What is the otic Vessicle used for?

hearing

What part of the brain does the otic vessicle connect to?

hind brain

WHat is the eye for?

Vision senses

What part of the brain connects to the eye?

Front brain

What is the olfactory bulb for?

smell

What part of the brain does the olfactory bulb connect to?

middle brain

What is the front of the brain for?

vision

What is the middle of the brain for?

emotions

What is the hind brain for?

hearing