Agnatha Quiz Flashcards
What does Agnatha mean?
no jaw
What traits do all agnatha have?
Chordate traits Verbrata traits (gill slit and cranial bones)
Which era did Agnatha live in?
Ordovician Era
Era of fish
What phylum are we in?
chordata
Wht comes after chordata?
Subphylum craniata
What comes after Craniata?
Verbrata
What comes after Verbrata?
Myxini
What are the characteristics of Myxini?
hagfish nearly blind but smells and touches good Eats clams and snails but mostly decaying material Uses its tongue as mouth uses mucus to slide into a dead fish lacks verbrata traits
WHat does Myxini mean?
slime
What comes after Myxini?
Petromyzotida
What are the characteristics of Petromyzotida?
Lamprey Lots of teeth As larva it filter feeds Then it swims down stream Then its parasitic Then swims upstream Is Vertabrata
What does petromyzotida mean and what was its old name?
Stone sucking
Cephalospidomorphia
What group is branched from petromyzotida?
Ansipids
What comes after petromyzotida?
Osteatroan
What comes after osteatroan?
herterostacan
What three groups make up the osteoderms?
ansipids
osteotroan
herterostacan
What characterists do osteoderms have?
bottom dwellers (benthic)
eat bacterial carpet
extinct
What does osteoderms mean?
bone shell skin
What comes after osteotroan?
elasmobrachii
What is the other name of for elasmobrachii?
plated gills
What characterists make up elastobranchii?
sharks, skates, rays
have placoid scales made of denten and enamle
small short intestine with spiral valve that slows down the food for digestied
copes with undigested food
Liver is boyant through oil in the liver
Detects eletric fields in water through ampulae of lovrenzini
Has three types of reproduction
Plated gills
Cartilege Operculum
What are the 3 types of reproduction in elastobranchii?
Viviparous: Live birth; live birth through placenta or uterne milk
Ovoviiparous: egg in womb; retain in womb until live birth
Oviparous: egg laying; fertilzed eggs live in yoke sack
What is the branch off of Elasmobrachii?
holocephai
What is the common name for holocephai?
complete head
rat fish
Is chimarus with operculum (gills that are covered upU and shark traits
What groups are in chondrichthyes?
Elasmobranchii
Holocephai
What groups are in Agnatha?
Verbrata myxini petromyzotida ansipids osteotroan herterostacan
What does chondrichthyes?
cartlige fish
What are the characterists of chondrichthyes?
have jaws
gill supported cartilage is modefided for jawas
What is gnathostomeita?
jawed mouth
What era did chondrichthyes live and how did this start adaptive radiation for sharks?
Devonian Era
Mass extinction
swims freely
adaptive advantage
What two words could be used interchangilbly?
Craniata Verbrata
WHat are the four parts of the cranium?
Top: neurocranium
Top jaw: palatoquadrate
Side bone: Hymandiibular
Bottom jaw: Meckels
What comes after placoderm?
Around earlier thn elasmobranchii
THick large plates
What is ossify?
to turn boney
What groups are in Osteichthyes?
Placoderms
Acanthodians
Neopterygii
When did boney skeleton start?
Placoderms
When did Operculum start?
Acanthodians
What does the operculum and jaw do?
Operculum closes for water to go into the mouth
Operculum opens for water to go out and oxygen gets into the blood
What are operculums?
closes the gill slits
What does the extra oxygen and bone need to keep neurtral boyancy?
air is gulped into the swim bladder through capilaries and blood to keep boyancy
Whhen did Swim Bladder Start?
Neopterygii
What comes after Acanthodians?
Neopterygii
Placoids scales?
tooth like
old
Ganoid scales?
Bone like
old
3-C Sclaes?
Finger Nail like
newer
they are shedable
What are the changes in the tail?
Diphycercal (eel like)(like one big bone)
Heterocercal (shark) (one side is bigger)
Homocercal: symetrical tail (Christian Fish)
How is a heterocercal useful?
It makes it go upwards to gather water for sharks
What are the 4 subgroups of Neopterygii?
Cladista (branch)
Chondrostei
Teleostei
Holostei
WHat are the characteristics of Cladista?
have a lung found only in the Nile River Have thick ganjoid scales to t Has fins that radiate out without overlapping Can be terestrial Commonly called bichirs (dragon fish)
What are the characteristics of chondrostei?
Bone coatesd cartilage
not
WHat does Neopterygii mean?
new fins
What are the characteristics of neopterygii?
ALl bones have thin bone shell
What groups are classified as gnathostomeita?
Elasmobrancii Holocephai Placoderm Acanthodians Neopterygii Cladista Chondrostei Teleostei Holostei
What groups are osteichthyes?
Placoderm Acanthodians Neopterygii Cladista (branch) Chondrostei Teleostei Holostei
What characteristics make up placoerms?
Large thick boney Exoskeleton plates
Ossified Skeleton
What characteristics make up Acanthodians?
small thin bony exoskeleton plates
Operculum
What does Neopterygii mean?
New fins
Holostei?
COmplete bones
What is Actinopterygii?
Ray fins
Teleostei?
?
Wht comes after Neopterygii?
Actinistia
What does Actinistia mean?
Coelacanths
What branch is in Actinistia?
Dipnoi
What is a Dipnoi?
Lungfish
What subgroup is Actinistia in?
Fleshy Fins
What is the first lung like?
A second stomach
What is after actinistia?
Tetrapods
What does tetrapods mean?
4 feet
What are the characteristics on actinistia?
uses oiled filled notochord instead of swim bladder
really cold
3 segmented tail
Where can dipnoi live?
Land and sea
gnatha?
jaw
Petro?
stone
Myzontida?
sucking
Elasmobrchii?
platted gill
Chondr?
Cartilage
Neo?
New
Sarco?
Fleshy
Pterygii>
fins
ichthyes?
fish
Actino?
Ray
What group is sarcopterygii?
Actinistia
Dipnoi
