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Pharmacology > Cholinergics > Flashcards

Cholinergics Flashcards

1
Q

Nicotine mechanism of action

A

Activation of neuronal nicotinic receptors

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2
Q

Nicotine indication

A

Withdrawal symptoms of smoking cessation

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3
Q

Succinyllcholine mechanism of action

A

Depolarizing block of muscle nicotinic receptors

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4
Q

Acetylcholine mechanism of action

A

Nicotinic and muscarinic agonist

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5
Q

Acetylcholine indication

A

No therapeutic use because of rapid degradation

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6
Q

Methacholine mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic agonist

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7
Q

Methacholine indication

A

Diagnosis of subclinical asthma

Test for severity of asthma

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8
Q

Carbachol mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic and nicotinic receptor agonist

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9
Q

Carbachol indication

A

Miotic agent in ocular surgery

Reduces pressure following ocular surgery

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10
Q

Bethanechol mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic agonist

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11
Q

Bethanechol indication

A

Urinary retention

Bladder atony

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12
Q

Pilocarpine mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic agonist

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13
Q

Pilocarpine indication

A

Dry mouth from head/neck radiation or Sjogrens syndrome

Narrow angle glaucoma

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14
Q

Neostigmine mechanism of action

A

AchE inhibitor

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15
Q

Neostigmine indication

A

Myasthenia gravis

Reversal of neuromuscular block

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16
Q

Edrophonium mechanism of action

A

AchE inhibitor

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17
Q

Edrophonium indication

A

diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

Reversal of neuromuscular block

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18
Q

Physostigmine mechanism of action

A

Reversible AchE inhibitor

19
Q

Physostigmine indication

A

Delirium from anticholinergic drugs

Glaucoma

20
Q

Donepezil mechanism of action

A

Reversible AchE inhibitor

21
Q

Deonepezil indication

A

Alzheimers disease

22
Q

Pralidoxime mechanism of action

A

Peripheral AchE reactivator

23
Q

Pralidoxime indication

A

Respiratory muscle weakness from organophosphate poisoning

24
Q

Echothiophate mechanism of action

A

Irreversible AchE inhibitor

25
Q

Echothiophate indication

A

Open angle glaucoma

26
Q

Atropine mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic antagonist

27
Q

Atropine indication

A 
Excess secretions during surgery
Increased frequency/urgency of urination with cystitis
Hypertonic gut
Organophosphate poisoning
Bradycardia
28
Q

Scopolamine mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic antagonist

29
Q

Scopolamine indication

A

Motion sickness

Anti-saliagogue in surgery

30
Q

Glycopyrrolate mechanism of action

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

31
Q

Glycopyrrolate indication

A

Protect against excessive muscarinic activation during reversal of neuromuscular block
Anti-saliagogue

32
Q

Toxicity of methacholine

A

bronchiole constriction

33
Q

Contraindication of methacholine

A

β blockers will prevent reversal of constriction

34
Q

Carbachol toxicity

A

Excessive muscarinic activation (bronchoconstriction, reduced cardiac condition)

35
Q

Bethanechol toxicty

A

Bradycardia, bronchoconstriction

Less effect on M2 receptors than carbachol

36
Q

Bethanechol contraindications

A

asthma, peptic ulcers, bradycardia

37
Q

Pilocarpine toxicity

A

Excessive muscarinic activation (slowed AV conduction)
Hypotension
Excessive salivation
Bronchoconstriction

38
Q

Neostigmine toxicity

A

muscarinic and nicotinic excess

39
Q

Edrophonium toxicity

A

bradycardia
cardiac standstill
Excess can appear like myasthenia gravis

40
Q

Edrophonium contraindications

A

intestinal blockade or urinary obstruction

41
Q

Physostigmine side effects

A

Convulsions, respiratory and CV depression

due to increased ACh at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

42
Q

Physostigmine contraindications

A

asthma, CV disease, intestinal obstruction

43
Q

Organophosphate toxicity

A

DUMBBELLS

diarrhea, urination, miosis, bradycardia, bronchorrea, emesis, lacrimation, salivation

44
Q

Succinylcholine contraindications

A

Patients with Hx of familial hyperthermia or skeletal muscle myopathies

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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