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Pharmacology > Adrenergics > Flashcards

Adrenergics Flashcards

1
Q

Tissues and actions of Alpha 1 receptors

A

Vascular smooth muscle contraction

Pupillary dilator muscle contraction

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2
Q

Tissues and actions of Alpha 2 receptors

A

Inhibition of transmitter release in adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals

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3
Q

Tissues and action of Beta 1 receptors

A

Stimulation of the rate and force of cardiac contraction

Stimulation of renin release from the JGA

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4
Q

Tissues and action of Beta 2 receptors

A

Relaxation of respiratory, uterine and vascular smooth muscle
Act on somatic motor nerve terminals and can cause tremor

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5
Q

Tissues and action of Dopamine 1 receptors

A

Renal and other splanchnic blood vessel relaxation

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6
Q

What G-protein class is coupled with α1 adrenergic receptors?

A

Gq –> activate PLC to produce IP3 and DAG and increase intracellular Ca2+ levels

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7
Q

What G-protein class is coupled with α2 adrenergic receptors?

A

Gi –> decrease NT release by inhibition of Adenylyl cyclase

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8
Q

What G-protein class is coupled with β1 adrenergic receptors?

A

Gs –> activate adenylyl cyclase to increase cAMP

Responsible for increased Ca current in phase 4 depolarization of the heart –> increased HR

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9
Q

Epinephrine mechanism of action

A

α and β agonist

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10
Q

Epinephrine indication

A

anaphylaxis
shock
cardiac arrest
heart block

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11
Q

Norepinephrine mechanism of action

A

α and β1 agonist

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12
Q

Norepinephrine indication

A

acute hypotension due to shock

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13
Q

Dopamine mechanism of action

A

D1 and β-agonist at low infusion rate

α agonist at higher infusion rate

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14
Q

Dopamine indication

A

Cardiogenic shock

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15
Q

Isoproterenol mechanism of action

A

nonselective β agonist

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16
Q

Isoproterenol indication

A

transient heart block

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17
Q

Dobutamine mechanism of action

A

β1 agonist (selective)

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18
Q

Dobutamine indication

A

Short term Rx for low cardiac contractility (CHF or cardiogenic shock)

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19
Q

Terbutaline mechanism of action

A

β2 agonist (selective)

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20
Q

Terbutaline indication

A

Prevent and reverse bronchospasm in asthma, bronchitis and emphysema

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21
Q

Albuterol mechanism of action

A

β2 agonist (selective)

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22
Q

Albuterol indication

A

Bronchial smooth muscle relaxation

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23
Q

Phenylephrine mechanism of action

A

α1 agonist

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24
Q

Phenylephrine indication

A

Pressor agent for anesthesia, nasal congestion
Pupllary dilation
Supraventricular tachycardia

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25
Q

Clonidine mechanism of action

A

α2 agonist

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26
Q

Clonidine indication

A

Hypertension

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27
Q

Amphetamine mechanism of action

A

Indirect sympathomimetic

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28
Q

Amphetamine indication

A

ADHD

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29
Q

Methylphenidate mechanism of action

A

Indirect sympathomimetic

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30
Q

Methylphenidate indication

A

ADHD

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31
Q

Ephedrine mechanism of action

A

Indirect sympathomimetic

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32
Q

Ephedrine indication

A

Pressor agent with anesthesia

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33
Q

Pseudoephedrine mechanism of action

A

Indirect sympathomimetic

34
Q

Pseudoephedrine indication

A

Nasal decongestant

35
Q

Tyramine mechanism of action

A

Displaces NE

36
Q

Tyramine indication

A

Not therapeutic

37
Q

Propranolol mechanism of action

A

β blocker

38
Q

Propranolol indication

A

Hypertension
Angina due to atherosclerosis
Myocardial infarction

39
Q

Timolol mechanism of action

A

β blocker

40
Q

Timolol indication

A

Glaucoma

41
Q

Nadolol mechanism of action

A

β blocker

42
Q

Nadolol indication

A

Long term angina

Hypertension

43
Q

Atenolol mechanism of action

A

β1 blocker

44
Q

Atenolol indication

A

Hypertension
Angina
Myocardial infarction

45
Q

Metoprolol mechanism of action

A

β1 antagonist

46
Q

Metoprolol indication

A

Hypertension

Long term angina Rx

47
Q

Pindolol mechanism of action

A

β-antagonist (partial agonist activity)

48
Q

Pindolol indication

A

Hypertension

49
Q

Esmolol mechanism of action

A

β1 blocker

50
Q

Esmolol indication

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

51
Q

Phenoxybenzamine mechanism of action

A

α blocker

52
Q

Phenoxybenzamne indication

A

Pheochromocytoma

53
Q

Phentolamine mechanism of action

A

α blocker

54
Q

Phentolamine indication

A

Test for pheochromocytoma

Rx for pheochromocytoma before surgery

55
Q

Prazosin mechanism of action

A

α1 blocker

56
Q

Prazosin indication

A

Hypertension

57
Q

Doxazosin mechanism of action

A

α1 antagonist

58
Q

Doxazosin indication

A

Prostatic hyperplasia

Hypertension

59
Q

Terazosin mechanism of action

A

α1 blocker

60
Q

Terazosin indication

A

Prostatic hyperplasia

Hypertension

61
Q

Rank the half lives of the β blockers from fastest to slowest

A

Propranolol = Timolol > Nadolol

62
Q

Which β1 blocker has the shortest half life?

A

Esmolol has the shortest half life of the β1 blockers (9 min, compared to hours for atenolol and metoprolol)

63
Q

Epinephrine toxicity

A

Arrhythmias

64
Q

Norepinephrine toxicity

A

Ischemia due to over-vasoconstriction

65
Q

Norepinephrine contraindication(s)

A

Preexisting vasoconstriction/ischemia

66
Q

Dopamine toxicity

A

Low blood pressure

Ischemia

67
Q

Isoproterenol toxicity

A

Tachyarrhythmias

68
Q

Isoproterenol contraindications

A

Angina w/ arrhythmias

69
Q

Dobutamine toxicity

A

Hypotension (β2 effect at high doses)

70
Q

Terbutaline and albuterol toxicity

A

Tachycardia (β1)
Muscle tremor (β2)
Tolerance (β2)

71
Q

Phenylephrine toxicity

A

Hypertension

72
Q

Clonidine toxicity

A 
Dry mouth
Hypertensive crisis (after acute withdrawal)
73
Q

Toxicity associated with indirect acting sympathomimetics

A

Tachycardia

74
Q

Contraindications for indirect acting sympathomimetics

A

Rx with MAO inhibitors within 2 weeks

75
Q

Toxicity of non-selective β blockers

A

Bronchospasm
Masking symptoms of hypoglycemia
Bradycardia

76
Q

Contraindications of non-selective β blockers

A

ASTHMA
Sinus bradycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block
Cardiogenic shock

77
Q

Toxicity of β1 blockers

A

Hypotension

Bradycardia

78
Q

Contraindications of β1 blockers

A

Sinus bradycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block
Cardiogenic shock

79
Q

Toxicity of Pindolol

A

Hypotension

80
Q

Contraindications of Pindolol

A

Sinus bradycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block
Cardiogenic shock

81
Q

Toxicity of non selective α blockers

A

Prolonged hypotension

Reflex tachycardia

82
Q

Toxicity of α1 blockers

A

Orthostatic hypotension

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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