Cholinergic and noradrenergic pharmacology Flashcards
Which cholinergic receptor is part of the PSNS
mACHr
-Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor
Which cholinergic receptor is part of the Autonomic SNS
NAd-R
-Noradrenaline Receptor
Which cholinergic receptor is part of the somatic Nervous system
nAchR
-Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor
What is the precursor for mAchR
Ach
What is the precursor for NAdR
NAd
What is the precursor for nAchR
Ach
What are the actions of Acetylcholine on the neuromuscular junction
Synthesis Vesicle storage Release Breakdown Reuptake
What are the three main drugs of the NMJ
Botox (Botulinum Toxin)
nAchR Antagonists
Ach-ase Inhibitors
What does botox do
Inhibit Ach release by binding to presynaptic vesicle (Cosmetic use)
What do Ach-ase inhibitors do
Decrease degradation of Ach to increase Ach conc. in NMJ
Rivastigmine/NED
What causes Cholinergic Crisis
Ach Overstimulation @NMJ (SLUDGE) Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation GI Distress Emesis
What happens if there is overstimulated Ach @NMJ
Cholinergic crisis
- Salivation
- Lacrimation
- Urination
- Defecation
- GI Distress
- Emesis
Ach antagonists (TCA/Oxybutinin) would produce a response in cholinergic crisis by…..
Reversing the SLUDGE presentations so they become opposite
What mAchR acts on what organ
M1- Brain
M2- Heart
M3- Lungs
Describe the actions of Ach down the PSNS
Rest and digest Pupil/ Bladder /Broncho constriction Decrease HR GI motility and secretion Erection
Describe the actions of NAd on the SNS
Fight or flight Pupil/bladder/bronchodilation Increase HR Decrease GI Motility and secretion Ejaculation
Describe the Adrenaline pathway
Tyrosine -> LDOPA -> Dopamine ->NAd -> Adrenaline
What are the types of NAdr receptors
Alpha 1 = Vessels/Sphincters
Alpha 2
Beta 1 = Heart
Beta 2 = Lungs
Alpha 1 agonists result in what
Increase heart rate
Vasoconstriction
Bladder contraction
Pupil Dilation
Beta 1 Agonist result in what
Increase Inotropic force
Increase BP
Renin release
Beta 2 Agonist results in what
Bronchodilation
SABA/LABA
Dopamine agonists are used in what disorders
Prolactinoma
Acromegaly
Early Parkinons
What receptor pharmaceutical can be used to treat Parkinsons
LDOPA (Dopamine precursor)
When would you give Dopamine antagonists
Antiemetics (N+V)
Psychiatrics (Haloperidol)
Where in the brain are dopamine receptors found
Nucleus accumbens
What type of drug is haloperidol
Dopamine antagonist for psychiatric disorders
What is the main CNS Neurotransmitter inhibitor
GABA
-Amino acid to regulate mood
When can GABA Agonist (Benzodiazepines) be given
Sleep apnoea
Anxiety
Alcohol withdrawal
Huntington’s chorea
Give 2 examples of Benzodiazepines (GABA Agonist)
Lorazepam
Diazepam
What are H1 antagonists used fo
Allergies in IgE (Loratedine)
Give an example of an antihistamine for anaphylaxis
Loratedine
What are H2 antagonists used for
2nd line for GORD and High Post PPI Gastric acid
Ranitedine
What is Ranitidine used for
GORD as H2 Antagonist
What is Glutamate
The main excitatory CNS Neurotransmitter
