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Pharm Exam 2 > Cholinergic Agonists and Antagonists > Flashcards

Cholinergic Agonists and Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

Nicotine

A
  • activation of neuronal nicotinic receptors

- Rx= withdrawal symptoms of smoking cessation

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2
Q

succinylcholine

A
  • depolarizing block of muscle nicotinic receptors
  • E by butyrl cholinesterase
  • Rx= neuromuscular block for electroconvulsive shock therapy or emergency intubation
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3
Q

acetylcholine

A
  • 150 ms half life
  • nicotinic and muscarinic agonist
  • E by AChE
  • Rx = none
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4
Q

metacholine

A
  • muscarinic agonist

- Rx= diagnosis of subclinical asthma or to test for the severity of asthma

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5
Q

carbachol

A
  • muscarinic and nicotinic receptor agonist

- Rx= miotic agent in ocular surgery, to reduc pressure following ocular sugery

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6
Q

bethanechol

A
  • muscarinic agonist

- Rx= urinary retention, bladder atony

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7
Q

pilocarpine

A
  • 1 hr half life
  • muscarinic agonist
  • Rx= dry mouth from head and neck radiation, narrow angle glaucoma
  • crosses BBB
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8
Q

neostigmine

A
  • AChE inhibitor
  • Rx = myasthenia gravis, reverse neuromuscular block
  • doesn’t cross BBB
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9
Q

edrophonium

A
  • 10 min half life
  • AChE inhibitor
  • Rx= Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, reversal of neuromuscular block
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10
Q

Physostigmine

A
  • reversible AChE inhibitor
  • Rx = delirium from anticholinergic drugs, glaucoma
  • crosses BBB
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11
Q

donepezil

A
  • reversible AChE inhibitor
  • Rx = Alzheimers Dx
  • crosses BBB
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12
Q

Pralidoxime

A

-also called 2-PAM
75 min half life
-Peripheral AChE reactivator
-Rx= respiratory muscle weakness in organophosphate poisoning

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13
Q

Echothiophate

A
  • very long half life
  • irreversible AChE inhibitor
  • Rx = open angle glaucoma
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14
Q

Atropine

A
  • muscarinic antagonist
  • Rx = excess secretions during surgery, the incr freq and urg associated with cystitis, hypertonic gut, organophosphate poisining, bradycardia
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15
Q

scopolamine

A
  • muscarinic agonist

- Rx = motion sickness, anti-salilagogue in surgery

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16
Q

glycopyrrolate

A
  • muscarinic receptor antagonist

- Rx= protects against excessive muscarinic activation during reversal of neuromuscular blockade, anti-salilagogue

17
Q

Symptoms of organophosphate toxicity

A 
DUMBBELS
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia 
Bronchorrea
Emesis
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation
18
Q

Atropine poisoning

A

Blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, red as a beet, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, the bowel and bladder lose their tone, and the heart runs alone

Pharm Exam 2 (12 decks)

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