cholesterol bile salts sphingolipids

Question 1

cholesterol has low solubility in

Answer 1

water

Question 2

cholesterol is a precursor for ?

Answer 2

bile salts and steroid hormones

Question 3

in cholesterol synthesis liver makes

Answer 3

bile salts and lipoproteins

Question 4

in cholesterol synthesis intestine makes

Answer 4

lipoproteins

Question 5

in cholesterol synthesis reproductive tissue makes

Answer 5

reproductive sex steroids

Question 6

in cholesterol synthesis all carbons are from

Answer 6

acetyl coa

Question 7

in cholesterol synthesis NADPH is derived from

Answer 7

hexose monophosphate shunt

Question 8

cholesterol is synthesized in the ?

Answer 8

cytosol

Question 9

when dietary chol is high

Answer 9

biosynthesis in liver and intestine is low

Question 10

when dietary chol is low

Answer 10

biosynthesis in liver and intestine is high

Question 11

HMG CoA Reductase

Answer 11

3 hydroxy 3 methyl glutaryl

Question 12

HMG CoA Reductase feedback is inhibited by

Answer 12

chol

Question 13

HMG CoA Reductase synthesis is repressed by

Answer 13

chol

Question 14

in HMG CoA Reductase ,insulin does what

Answer 14

stimulate dephos. enzyme

Question 15

In HMG CoA Reductase glucagon does what

Answer 15

inhibit phos. enzyme

Question 16

in HMG CoA Reductase thyroid hormone

Answer 16

stimulates regulation

Question 17

Regulation of Cholesterol synthesis and uptake by extracellular chol. path

Answer 17

LDL binds to mem receptor
LDL is endocytosed as clathrin coated vesicle
3. vesicle lose clathrin and becomes endosome
4. endosome fuse with lyzosomes
5. LDL Receptor separates from endosome and returns to cell surface
6. IN lyzosome: proteins become aa and chol-esters become free chol and FA

Question 18

In cytosol increased free chol does what to HMGCoA Reductase

Answer 18

supress synthesis and inhibit

Question 19

in cytosol increased free chol will cause __ increase

Answer 19

ACAT

Question 20

ACAT?

Answer 20

Free chol + FA creating chol-ester

Question 21

hypercholesteremia

Answer 21

prevents uptake and intracellular accumulation of chol

Question 22

atherosclerosis

Answer 22

predisposd by hypercholesteremia
occurs over time
restriction of blood flow that can l;ead to mycocardial infraction or stroke

Question 23

2 types of hypercholesteremia

Answer 23

dietary and genetic

Question 24

treatment for hypercholesteremia

Answer 24

drugs that promote bile salt excretions(cholestyramines) and and HMG CoA inhibitors (statin)