Cholesterol Flashcards
Free cholesterol carried by _
Cholesterol esters carried by _
- LDL
- HDL
Cholesterol biosynthesis very active in _
Occurs in _
- Liver, intestine, kidney
- All nucleated cells
RDS
HMG CoA reductase
HMGCoA > Mevalonate
Acetyl CoA > squalene…all reactions are _ and occur in the _
- Anaerobic
- Cytoplasm
Squalene > Cholesterol…all intermediates are _ and need _
- Hydrophobic
- SCP
In demethylation of lanosterol, how are they lost
C14 as formate
2 C4 as CO2
HMGCoA reductase:
Phosphorylated _
Dephos _
- Inactive
- Active
Storage of cholesterol into cholesterol ester via what enzyme?
Acyl Cholesterol Acyl Transferase(ACAT)
Cholesterol homeostasis maintained by what organ?
Liver
Unabsorbed cholesterol end up as _, excreted as _
- Neutral sterols(coprostanol, cholestanone)
- Cholestenol
Major excretory product of cholesterol is _
Bile acids
HDL has apoproteins (3)
- ApoD(recognizes cholesterol)
- ApoE
- ApoA(serum activator of Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase)
Most common bile acids are _ and _
Known as _
- Cholic(OH at 7, 12), Chenodeoxycholic(OH at 7)
- Primary bile acids
Primary bile acids are secreted from _ to _ as / conjugates
Enter liver via _
- Gall bladder, Small intestine, glycine/taurine
- Entero hepatic circulation
Bile acids not reabsorbed end up as _
Known as _
- Deoxy/lithocholic acids(deconjugated)
- Secondary bile acids
