chloramphenicol

Question 1

MOA chloramphenicol

Answer 1

binds 50S and prevents translation

Question 2

bacteriostatic or bactericidal

Answer 2

bacteriostatic

Question 3

resistance mechanisms?

Answer 3

reduced permeability/uptake
ribosomal mutation
acetyltransferase inactivation

Question 4

NOT active against this G+…

Answer 4

enterococcus

Question 5

NOT active against this G-…

Answer 5

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 6

why is it not used in the US?

Answer 6

causes aplastic anemia, a fatal infection

Question 7

used in developing nations for…

Answer 7

bacterial meningitis (in areas not susceptible to h. influenza)
pneumonia
typhoid fever

Question 8

does chloramphenicol enter the CSF?

Answer 8

yes, 30-50%, even in the absence of inflamed meninges

Question 9

dose adjustment in renal insufficiency?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

dose adjustment in hepatic failure?

Answer 10

yes, decrease dose

Question 11

adverse effect in neonates?

Answer 11

gray baby syndrome, due to inability of neonate to metabolize and excrete it

Question 12

anaerobic acitivity (name the G+ and G-)

Answer 12

G+
Peptostreptococcus
Propionibacterium
Clostridium
G-
B. fragilis
Prevotella
Fusobacterium

Question 13

does not have activity against…

Answer 13

H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae
N. meningitidis