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Certified Sommelier Exam (CMS 2) > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

1
Q

Where is Chile located?

A

Located on the west coast of South America in the Southern Hemisphere.

Argentina is on the other side of the Andes Mountains.

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2
Q

From north to south, how long is Chile in miles or km?

A

2,670 miles / 4300 km north to south

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3
Q

How wide is Chile in miles or km?

A

217 miles or 350 km wide

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4
Q

What degrees latitude does Chile span in the southern hemisphere?

A

Spans 17-53°S latitude

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5
Q

What are the climate categories for Chile from north to south?

A

From north to south, climate ranges from hot desert to cool to cold.

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6
Q

What is the name of the desert in northern Chile?

A

Atacama Desert

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7
Q
  • On which ocean is Chile located?
  • What does the ocean provide for Chile?
A
  • Pacific Ocean
  • cool breezes and fog
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8
Q

What are the 2 mountain ranges in Chile?

A
  1. Coastal Range (west side)
  2. Andes Mountains (east side)
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9
Q

What benefit do the Andes Mountains provide vineyards nearby?

A

Diurnal shifts

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10
Q

What feature do the Coastal Mountains in Chile create for vineyards??

A

Creates rain shadow from cold Pacific.

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11
Q

What is a predominant soil type found in Chile?

A

Sand

No phylloxera!

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12
Q

Is irrigation allowed in Chile?

A

Irrigation is essential from the Andes.

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13
Q

Most of Chile’s vinifera grapevines are grafted or ungrafted?

A

Mostly ungrafted vines.

Which means that V. vinifera vines were planted directly into the ground and untouched thanks to the absence of phylloxera.

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14
Q

What are the 2 main white grape varieties planted in Chile?

A
  1. Sauvignon Blanc
  2. Chardonnay
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15
Q

What are the 5 main red grape varieties planted in Chile?

A
  1. Cabernet Sauvignon
  2. Merlot
  3. Carménère
  4. Syrah
  5. País
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16
Q

What wine classification system is used in Chile?

A

Denominación de Origen (DO) System

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17
Q
  • What does the DO system in Chile refer to?
  • Are there other wine laws in Chile besides the DO system?
A
  • Refers to a geographic place of origin only.
  • No other additional laws.
18
Q

From largest to smallest, what are the categories of Chile’s DO system?

A
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Zone
  • Area
19
Q

What is Chile’s minimum Variety/Vintage/Origin percentage if any are named on the label?

A
  • 75%
  • In practice though, they follow 85% in all three categories to be in step with EU laws.
20
Q

What are the 2 major regions/DOs of Chile you need to know for the exam (not their subregions, just the big regions)?

A
  1. Aconcagua DO
  2. Valle Central DO
21
Q

Within the Aconcagua DO region, which of its subregions do you need to know for the CMS 2 exam?

A

Casablanca DO

22
Q

In Chile, the Casablanca DO has what type of climate?

A

Cool maritime climate.

23
Q

The Casablanca DO in Chile is located to the west or east of the Coastal Range?

A

West of the Coastal Range.

24
Q

Which 3 grape varieties do you find most planted in Casablanca DO (that are well suited for its cool maritime climate)?

A
  1. Chardonnay
  2. Sauvignon Blanc
  3. Pinot Noir
25
Q

What is the climate in Valle Central DO in Chile?

A

Warm to hot climate.

26
Q

Select the correct answer.

Valle Central DO in Chile is located:

a. west of the Coastal Range
b. between the Coastal Range and the Andes
c. east of the Andes

A

b. between the Coastal Range and Andes

27
Q

Fill in the blank.

Valle Central DO in Chile accounts for ____% of Chilean wine production.

A

80%

28
Q

What are the 3 main red grapes found in Valle Central DO in Chile?

A
  1. Cabernet Sauvignon
  2. Carménère
  3. Merlot
29
Q

In Chile, what are the 4 subregions of Valle Central DO from north to south?

A
  • Maipo Valley
  • Rapel Valley
  • Curicó
  • Maule Valley
30
Q

The subregion Rapel DO has 2 nested DOs.

What are they?

A
  1. Colchagua DO
  2. Cachapoal DO

See THIS MAP that’s super easy to absorb for wine regions.

31
Q

The iconic wine “Purple Angel” by Viña Montez is one of Chile’s highest-profile Carmenère, which is made from fruit from this DO.

A

Colchagua DO

32
Q

Valle del Maipo DO surrounds which city in Chile?

A

Santiago

33
Q
  • Most of the major historical wineries in Chile are located in this DO.
  • What is the main red grape planted in this DO?
A
  • Valle de Maipo DO
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
34
Q

What is the name of the cold current that comes up from Antarctica and runs along the west coast of South America?

It affects Chile.

A

Humboldt Current

35
Q

If you had to briefly generalize the red wines of Chile, how might you describe them?

A

Often big, intense, fruit driven, high-alcohol wines.

36
Q

Name 5 large and important wineries in Chile.

A
  1. Concha y Toro
  2. Santa Rita
  3. Errázuriz
  4. Casa Lapostolle
  5. Carmen
37
Q

In which century were grapes first grown in Chile?

A

16th century (1500s)

38
Q

In which century did Spain enact prohibitive laws restricitng wine production in Chile?

A

17th century (1600s)

39
Q
  • In which century did Chile gain political independence and see an influx of European immigrants?
  • What did this influx of European immigrants lead to?
A
  • 19th century (1800s).
  • An expansion of viticulture.

It was during the 1800s that major grape varieties now grown in Chile arrived in the country.

40
Q

During which decades in the 20th century did Chile see an influx of foreign investment?

A

1970s-80s

41
Q

Bonus Question.

Which Chilean wine won first place at the 2004 Berlin Tasting?

A

Viñedo Chadwick

Made by Errázuriz.

100% Cabernet Sauvignon.

Read up on the Berlin Tasting HERE.

Certified Sommelier Exam (CMS 2) (49 decks)

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