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Drugs MRCP > Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cyclophosphamide?

A

Alkylating agent
Causes cross linking in DNA

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2
Q

What are the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide?

A

Haemorrhagic cystitis
Myelosuppression
Transitional cell carcinoma

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Bleomycin?

A

Degrades preformed DNAat

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4
Q

is the big adverse effect of bleomycin?

A

Lung fibrosis

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5
Q

What are some examples of anthracyclines?

A

Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of anthracyclines?

A

Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by stabilising DNA topimerase II complex

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7
Q

Whatt is the big adverse effect of anthracyclines?

A

Cardiomyopathy

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8
Q

What are some antimetabolite cytotoxics? x4

A

Methotrexate
5FU
Mercaptopurine
Cytarabine

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of methotrexate?

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthesis

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10
Q

What are the main adverse effects of methotrexate?

A

Mucositis
Liver fibrosis
Lung fibrosis
Myelosuppression

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of 5FU?

A

Pyrimidine analogue
Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by blocking thymidylate synthase

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12
Q

What are the adverse effects of 5FU?

A

Mucositis and diarrhoea
Myelosuppression
Dermatitis

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action of mercaptopurine?

A

Purine analogue
Decreases purine synthesis
Activated by HGPRTase

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14
Q

What is the adverse effect of mercaptopurine?

A

Myelosuppression

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cytarabine?

A

Pyrimidine antagonist
Interferes with DNA synthesis and inhibits DNA polymerase

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16
Q

What are some microtubule inhibitors?

A

Vincristine/vinblastine
Docetaxel

17
Q

What is the mechanism of action of vincristine?

A

Inhibits formation of microtubules

18
Q

What are the adverse effects of vincristine?

A

Peripheral neuropathy - reversible
Paralytic ileus

19
Q

What is the mechanism of action of docetaxel?

A

Prevents microtubule depolymerisation and disassembly, decreasing free tubulin

20
Q

What is the main adverse effect of docetaxel?

A

Neutropenia

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of irinotecan?

A

Inhibits topimerase I which prevents relaxation of supercoiled DNA

22
Q

What is the adverse effect of irinotecan?

A

Myelosuppression

23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cisplatin?

A

Causes cross linking in DNA

24
Q

What are the adverse effects of cisplatin?

A

Ototoxicity
Peripheral neuropathy
Renal toxicity
Low magnesium

25
What is the mechanism of action of hydroxycarbamide?
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, decreasing DNA synthesis
26
What is the adverse effect of hydroxycarbamide?
Myelosuppression
27
What is given alongside cyclophosphamide and why?
Mesna Binds to acrolein, metabolite produced which is toxic to urothelium
28

Drugs MRCP (10 decks)

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