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Pharmacology > Chemotherapeutic Drugs (Bacterial, Viral, Fungal) > Flashcards

Chemotherapeutic Drugs (Bacterial, Viral, Fungal) Flashcards

1
Q

What antibiotics are bactericidal?

A 
BACTERICIDAL ANTIBIOTICS
Very Finely Proficient At Murder!
Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolones
Penicillins
Aminoglycosides
Metronidazole
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2
Q

What antibiotics are bacteriostatic?

A 
BACTERIOSTATIC ANTIBIOTICS
We're ECSTaTiC about bacteriostatics
Erythromycin
Clindamycin
Sulfamethprim
Trimethoprim
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
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3
Q

Mnemonics-Routes of Administration of Penicillins

A

Pen V is Oral, ipapasok sa Vunganga

Pen G is IV: You inGect Pen G

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4
Q

Mnemonics-Nafcillin

A

Use naf (nafcillin) for staph.

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5
Q

Mnemonics-Ampicillin/Amoxicillin

A 
AMPicillin = AMPed up penicillin
amOxicillin = greater Oral bioavailability
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6
Q

Describe the antimicrobial coverage of extended spectrum penicillins.

A 
Amoxicillin HELPS kill Enterocci 
Haemophilus influenzae
Escherichia coli
Listeria monocytogenes
Proteus mirabilis
Salmonella spp.
Enterococci
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7
Q

Mnemonics-Antipseudomonal Penicillins

A

TCP: Takes Care of Pseudomonas
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

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8
Q

Which microbes are covered by the spectrum of activity of first generation cephalosporins?

A 
FIRST GENERATION CEPHALOSORINS
PEcKs FIRST
Proteus mirabilis
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae
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9
Q

How do you remember first generation cephalosporins?

A 
FIRST GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS
FADer, help me FAZ my PHarmacology boards!
CeFADroxil
CeFAZolin
CePHalothin
CePHapirin
CePHradine
CePHalexin
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10
Q

Which microbes are covered by spectrum of activity of second generation cephalosporins?

A 
SECOND GENERATION CEPHALOSORINS
HEN PEcKS
Haemophilus influenzae
Enterobacter aerogenes
Neisseria spp.
Proteus mirabilis
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Serratia marcescens
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11
Q

How do you remember second generation cephalosporins?

A

SECOND GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS
In a FAMily gathering, you see your FOXy cousin wearing a FUR coat and drinking TEA.
CeFAMandole, CeFOXitin
CeFURoxime, CefoTEtan
SECOND GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS
FAC! LORA the PROfessional AZhOLE is still on the FONe.
CeFAClor, LORAcarbef, CefPROzil, CefmetAZOLE, CeFONicid

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12
Q

How do you remember third generation cephalosporins?

A 
THIRD GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS
FEnge PO ng PERA to FIX my TTTTTV!
CeFEtamet
CefPOdoxin
CefoPERAzone
CeFIXime
CefTriaxone
CefTazidime
CefoTaxime
CefTizoxime
CefTibuten
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13
Q

Which cephalosporins are anti-pseudomonal?

A

ANTI_PSEUDOMONAL CEPHALOSPORINS
CefTAZidime
CeFEPime
CeFOPerazone

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14
Q

Mnemonics-Imipenem Cilastatin

A

With Imipenem, the kill is LASTIN with ciLASTatIN.

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15
Q

Which antibiotics are considered drugs of last resort?

A 
I AM your Last Shot at Victory
Imipenem
Amikacin
Meropenem
Linezolid
Streptogramins
Vancomycin
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16
Q

Mnemonic - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

A 
BUY AT 30, CELLS AT 50
A=Aminoglycosides
T=Tetracyclines
C=Chloramphenicol
E=Erythromycin (Macrolides)
L=Lincosamides (Clindamycin)
L=Linezolid
S=Streptogramins
17
Q

Mnemonics-Tetracycline

A

T=TeTracyclines = Block aTTachment of T-RNA to acceptor site

18
Q

Mnemonics-Clindamycin VS Metronidazole

A

CLINDAMYCIN for anaerobic infections ABOVE the diaphragm.

METRONIDAZOLE for anaerobic infections BELOW the diaphragm.

19
Q

Mnemonics-Aminoglycosides

A

AminOglycosides require O2 for transport. They won’t work under anaerobic conditions.

20
Q

Mnemonics-Aminoglycosides

A 
Mean GNATS canNOT kill anaerobes.
Gentamicin 
Neomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin 
Streptomycin

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Teratogen

21
Q

Mnemonics-Fluoroquinolones

A

FloroquinoLONES hurt attachment to your BONES (cartilage damage)

22
Q

Mnemonics-Isoniazid

A

INH Injures Neurons and Hepatocytes

23
Q

Mnemonics-Rifampicin

A 
R=Rifampicin 
RNA Polymerase inhibitor
Red-orange body fluids
Rapid development of resistance
Revs up cytochrome P450 (inducer)
24
Q

Which anti-TB drugs are hepatotoxic?

A

ISO a Red PYRe!
( I saw a red fire!)
Isoniazid < Rifampin < Pyrazinamide

25
Q

Mnemonics-Foscarnet

A

FOScarnet = pyroFOSphate analog

26
Q

Mnemonics-NNRTIs

A 
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Never Ever Deliver Nucleosides
Nevirapine
Efavirenz
Delavirdine
27
Q

Mnemonics-Protease Inhibitors

A

PROTEASE INHIBITORS
All protease inhibitors end with-navir.
NAVIR (never) TEASE a proTEASE.

28
Q

Mnemonics-Amantadine

A

AMANTADINE
A man to dine takes off his coat.
Amantadine prevents uncoating.

Amantadine
blocks influenza A and rubellA
causes problems with the cerebellA

29
Q

Mnemonics-Vinca Alkaloids

A

vinBLASTine BLASTS the Bone marrow

vinblastine causes myelosuppression

30
Q

Mnemonics-Maalox

A

MAGnesium hydroxide causes diarrhea
MAGtatae ka!
ALUMinum hydroxide causes constipation
Ayaw LUMabas!

31
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of organophosphate poisoning?

A 
DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS)
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation
32
Q

Mnemonics-Antimuscarinic Poisoning

A 
HOT as a hare
DRY as a bone
RED as a beet
BLIND as a bat
MAD as a hatter
33
Q

Mnemonics-Opioid Overdose

A

P-C-R
Pupillary constriction
Comatose state
Respiratory depression

34
Q

Mnemonics-Aspirin Poisoning

A 
C-H-A-F-S
Coma
Hyperventilation
Acidosis (HAGMA)
Fever
Seizure
35
Q

Mnemonics-Sedative-Hypnotic Poisoning

A 
Hot Hot Hot DeCisioN!
Hypothermia
Hypotension
Hypoactive BS
Disinhibition
Coma
Nystagmus
36
Q

Mnemonics-TCA Overdose

A

3 Cs of TCA Overdose
Coma
Convulsions
Cardiotoxicity

37
Q

KEY LEARNING POINTS-Increased Stool Osmolar Gap

A 
Methanol
Ethanol
Diuretics
Isopropyl alcohol
Ethylene glycol

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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