Basic Principles Flashcards
Mnemonics: Heparin
Heparin is Large
MOA increase Antithrombin III
Monitored using PTT
Antidote is Protamine Sulfate
Mnemonics:
Endocytosis vs Pinocytosis
Endocytosis = Cell Eating Pinocytisis = Cell Drinking
Mnemonics: pKa
UP above
Unprotonated > Protonated: above pKa
Mnemonics - Bicarbonate and Ammonium Chloride
Alkalinizing Agent=Basic=give Bicarbonate
ACidifying Agent=ACidic=Ammonium Chloride
Which quadrant of the buttocks is safest fro IM drug administration?
superolateral=safe
superomedial=gluteus medius gait
inferomedial=sciatica
Through which blood vessels do drugs administered SL pass before reaching the heart?
lingual vein –> IJV –> branchiocephalic (innominate) vein –> SVC –> RA
Why is the only partial bypass of the first pass-effect on rectal administration?
Review the VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE RECTUM.
Superior Rectal Vein: IMV –> PV (first-pass)
Middle Rectal Vein: IIV –> IVC
Inferior Rectal Vein: IPV –> IIV –> IVC
Mnemonics-Nitric Oxide
JoyOUS = HAPPY = NitrOUS oxide = laughing gas
Describe Acute inflammation
Drying agents (tinctures, wet dressings and lotions)
Describe Chronic inflammation
Lubricating agents (creams, ointments)
What routes of drug administration:
undergo significant first-pass effect?
partially bypass the first-pass effect?
complete bypass the first-pass effect?
- oral
- rectal
- IV, IM, SC, SL, inhalation, topical, transdermal
What drugs display zero order elimination kinetics?
WHAT PET Warfarin Heparin Aspirin Tolbutamide Phenytoin Ethanol - at high concentration Theophylline
Which drug displays first-order elimination?
zero-order elimination?
0h 1hr 2h 3h 4h
80 60 40 20 0
80 40 20 10 5
What drugs displaytachyphylaxis?
MEDical Students Love to watch CNN in HD! Metoclopramide Ephedrine Dobutamine LSD Calcitonin Nitroglycerin Nicotine Hydralazine Desmopressin
After oral administration of 500mg of Drug A, only 300mg were absorbed into the patient’s systemic circulation. What is its bioavailability?
300/500= 60%
A drug is 50% cleared by the kidney and 50% by the liver . Its normal dosage is 200mg/d. What is the corrected dosage in a patient with a creatinine clearance of 20mL/min?
Dosage = 100mg/d +100mg/d x 20/100 Dosage = 120mg/d
Mnemonics-Phase I Reactions
A HORDe of PHASE I REACTIONS Hydrolysis Oxidation Reduction Deamination
Mnemonic-Cytochrome P450 Inducers –> Metabolism is faster
Ethel Booba takes Phen-Phen and Refuses Greasy Carb Shakes Ethanol Barbiturates Phenytoin Rifampicin Griseofulvin Carbamazepine St. John's Wort / Smoking
Mnemonics-Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors
Inhibitors Stop Cyber Kids from Eating GRApefruit Q Isoniazid Sulfonamides Cimetidine Ketoconazole Erythromycin Grapefruit Juice Ritonavir Amiodarone Quinidine
