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Pharmacology > Autonomic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Mnemonic:PLASMA (for parasympathetic nervous system):

A 
PLASMA
Parasympathetic NS
Long preganglionic fibers
Acetylecholine
Short postganglionic fibers
Acetylcholine
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2
Q

Mnemonic: point and Shoot

A

Point (Erection) = Parasympathetic NS

Shoot (Ejaculation) = Sympathetic NS

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3
Q

Mnemonics-Betanechol

A

B = Bethanechol = Bowel & Bladder Atony

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4
Q

What is Sjogren Syndrome?

A

autoimmune disorder characterized by triad of

  • xerostomia (dry mouth)
  • xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
  • rheumatoid arthritis
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5
Q

What is myasthenia gravis?

A

autoimmune destruction of nicotinic ACh receptors, characterized by:

  • fluctuating muscle
  • weakness
  • ocular symptoms
  • bulbar symptoms
  • proximal muscle weakness
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6
Q

Differentiate myasthenic crisis from cholinergic crisis.

A

Myasthenic Crisis
-acute worsening of symptoms due to infection, stress or UNDERmedication
Cholinergic Crisis
-excessive activation of cholinoceptors (skeletal muscle weakness and parasympathetic signs) due to OVERmedication

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7
Q

How does EDROPHONIUM differentiate myasthenic crisis from cholinergic crisis?

A
  • IMPROVES muscle strength in myasthenic crisis

- WEAKENS muscle strength in cholinergic crisis

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8
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of organophosphate poisoning?

A

DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis

Bronchospasm
Bradycardia 
Excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS)
Lacrimation
Sweating 
Salivation
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9
Q

Mnemonics- Cycloplegia and Mydriasis

A

C=cycloplegia = Ciliary muscle paralysis = loss of Accomodation Mydriasis = Dilate (or you dilate your mouth when you say mydriasis)

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10
Q

Mnemonics-Muscarinic Antagonists for Parkinsonism

A

Try to Park your Benz, beep here.

  • TRIhexyphenidyl
  • BENZtropine
  • BIPeriden
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11
Q

Why is ipratropium the preferred bronchodilator in patients with comorbid COPD and heart disease?

A
  • less likely to cause tachycardia and

- cardiac arrhythmias

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12
Q

Mnemonics-Atropine Toxicity

A
  • HOT as a hare
  • DRY as a bone
  • RED as a beet
  • BLIND as a bat
  • MAD as a hatter
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13
Q

Mnemonics-Succinylcholine

A

Kapag nakapag-DEPOsit ka sa toilet, SUCCess yun. (DEPOlarizing = SUCCinylcholine)

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14
Q

Mnemonics-Dopamine/Norepinephrine

A

dopamine vasoDILATES renal blood vessels while norepinephrine vasCONSTRICTS them

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15
Q

Mnemonic- Beta receptors

A

You have 1 heart and 2 lungs

B1 is for the heart, B2 is for the lungs

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16
Q

Clinical Condition
-acute heart failure
septic shock

A

Desired Parameter

-increased cardiac output –> B1 and D1 agonists

17
Q

Clinical Condition
-hemostasis
decongestion
spinal shock

A

Desired Parameter
vasocontriction
temporary
maintenance of BP –> a1 agonist

18
Q

Clinical Condition
bronchospasm
premature labor

A

Desired Parameter
bronchodilation
uterine smooth
muscle relaxation –> B2 agonist

19
Q

Clinical Condition
-hypertension
glaucoma

A

Desired Parameter

decrease BP –> a2 agonist

20
Q

What is the pharmacologic advantage of a1 sensitivity?

A

-reflex tachycardia is less common and less severe

21
Q

Mnemonics-Isoproterenol

A

ISOproterenol is NOT a beta blocker.
It is a nonselective beta agonist.
I SOrry! akala ko beta blocker ka!

22
Q

Menmonics -Beta blockers with ISA

A

ISA PA! Isa pa! Isa pang CHICKEN JOY!

Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity = Pindolol, Acebutolol

23
Q

Mnemonics-Nadolol

A

NADOLOL=NAsa DOLO = longest half-life

24
Q

Mnemonics-Esmolol

A

ESMOLOL=ESMOL = short / small half-life

25
Q

Treatment of Glaucoma
Drug Class
-Beta Blocker

A

Examples

TIMOLOL –> Decreased secretion of aqueous humor from the ciliary epithelium

26
Q

Osmotic agents

A

MANNITOL –> Decreased secretion of aqueous humor from the ciliary epithelium

27
Q

a2-agonists

A

APRACLONIDINE –> Decreased secretion of aqueous humor from the ciliary epithelium

28
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

A

ACETAZOLAMIDE

DORZOLAMIDE –> Decreased secretion of aqueous humor from the ciliary epithelium

29
Q

Cholinomimetics

A

PILOCARPINE

PHYSOSTIGMINE –> Ciliary muscle contraction, opening of trabecular meshwork, increased outflow

30
Q

Prostaglandins

A

LATANOPROST –> Increased outflow through canal of Schlemm

31
Q

Nonselective

a-agonists

A

EPINEPHRINE –> Increased outflow via uveoscleral veins

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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