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Chemistry GCSE AQA > Chemistry Of The Atmosphere > Flashcards

Chemistry Of The Atmosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the percentages of atmosphere of the Earth 

A

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
small proportions of other gases including carbon dioxide water vapor and noble gases

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2
Q

What do volcanoes release

A

Nitrogen and a small amount of methane and ammonia

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3
Q

What is the difference between the early atmosphere of the Earth and the modern atmosphere today

A

The early atmosphere contains large amounts of carbon dioxide and very little oxygen

The modern atmosphere today contains 78% of nitrogen and 21% of oxygen and other gases

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4
Q

What do sediments reduce

A

The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

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5
Q

What happened when the ocean formed carbon dioxide devolved in the water

A

Carbonates were precipitated producing sediments (rocks)

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6
Q

What did sedimentary rock limestone remove

A

carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

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7
Q

What is one theory during the first billion years of earths existence

A

There was intense volcanic activity that released gases that formed the early atmosphere and water vapor that condense to form the oceans

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8
Q

At the start of earths atmosphere what was it like

A

Like the atmosphere of mars and Venus today consisting of mainly carbon dioxide with little or no oxygen gas

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9
Q

How oxygen increased

A

Algae and plants produce oxygen (Carbon dioxide + water >light > glucose + oxygen)

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10
Q

How carbon dioxide decreased

A

Algae and plants decrease the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by photosynthesis

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11
Q

Other than plants and algae how was carbon dioxide decreased

A

Carbon dioxide was decreased by formation of sedimentary rocks and fossils fuels that contain carbon

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12
Q

How is coal formed

A

From the remains of ferns and trees 

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13
Q

What does high temperature and pressure create

A

Coal

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14
Q

What is crude oil formed from

A

Plankton which are tiny plants and animals found in the Sea

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15
Q

If oxygen is not present what happens

A

They do not decompose

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16
Q

What is natural gas

A

The hydrocarbon methane 

17
Q

How is natural gas formed

A

from plankton 

18
Q

What do all fossil fuels contain

A

Trapped carbon

19
Q

Name greenhouse gases

A

Water vapor
carbon dioxide
methane

20
Q

What do greenhouse gases do in the atmosphere of earth

A

Maintain high temperatures

21
Q

What are some human activities that increase the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

A

Carbon dioxide
methane

22
Q

What’s the Short wavelength radiation and long wavelength radiation

A

Short wavelength radiation is from the sun
long wavelength radiation is from the Earth surface

23
Q

How is methane released

A

For example growing rice in flooded Paddy Fields
When cows pass wind

24
Q

What does peer review allow

A

Scientist to detect false claims

25
Q

Define carbon footprint

A

The total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted over the full lifecycle of a product, service, or event.

26
Q

How can carbon footprint be reduced

A

By reducing emission of carbon dioxide and methane 

27
Q

What type of major source is combustion of fuels

A

Atmospheric pollutants

28
Q

What do most fuels include

A

Coal containing carbon or hydrogen and also contain some sulfur

29
Q

Name some gases released into the atmosphere when fuel is burned

A

Carbon dioxide
water vapor
carbon monoxide
sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen.

Solid particles and unburned hydrocarbons also be released that form particles in the atmosphere

30
Q

What is carbon monoxide

A

A toxic gas that is colourless and odourless and is not easily detected

31
Q

What does sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen cause

A

Acid rain

32
Q

What do particulates cause

A

Global dimming and health problems for humans

33
Q

Define fuel

A

Fuels release energy when they are combusted (Burned)

34
Q

Give two examples of fuels

A

Coal and hydrocarbons

35
Q

What is coal used for

A

To generate electricity in power stations

36
Q

What are hydrocarbons used for

A

Petrol and diesel to power vehicles

37
Q

Define Oxidation and reduction

A

Oxidation: The loss of electrons gain of oxygen
Reduction: The gain of electrons and loss of oxygen

38
Q



A

Chemistry GCSE AQA (12 decks)

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