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Chemistry GCSE AQA > Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Chemical Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

Metals that react with oxygen to produce?

A

Metal oxide

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2
Q

What is the reaction called between metals and oxygen when producing metal oxide

A

Oxidation because the metals gains oxygen

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3
Q

What is reduction

A

The gaining of electrons but Involves the loss of oxygen

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4
Q

What is oxidation

A

The loss of Oxygen but the gain of electrons

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5
Q

What type of ions do metal substances form when metal reacts with another substance

A

Positive ions

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6
Q

The metals potassium sodium lithium calcium magnesium zinc iron and carbon can be put an order of the reactivity from the reactions of?

A

Reactions with water and dilute acids

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7
Q

What happens if a Reactive metal is more reactive than the other metals

A

A more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal to form a compound

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8
Q

The reactions of metal with water and acids are limited to what

A

The room temperature

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9
Q

Name one unreactive metal found in earth

A

Gold

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10
Q

Unreactive metals such as gold are found in the Earth as a metal itself but most metals are found as what

A

Most metals are found as compounds that require chemical reactions to extract the metal

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11
Q

How can carbon be extracted from metals less reactive than it

A

Metal less reactive than carbon can be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon

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12
Q

Acids react with metals to produce

A

Salts and hydrogen

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13
Q

Acids are neutralized by…

A

Alkalis and bases

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14
Q

What do alkalize and bases produce

A

Salt and water

Or

By metal carbonate = Salts + water + carbon dioxide 

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15
Q

How can a student make soluble salts

A

Soluble salts can be made from acids by reacting them with solid insoluble substances 

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16
Q

Excess solid can be filtered

A
17
Q

Acids produce what

A

Hydrogen ions (H+)in aqueous solution

18
Q

Aqueous solutions of alkali’s contain what

A

Hydroxide ions (OH-)

19
Q

How can the pH scale be measured

A

Using universal indicator or a pH probe

20
Q

Neutralization reactants between us is an alkaline hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to produce

A

Water

H+(Aq) + OH-(Aq) > h2o(L)

21
Q

A strong acid is what in aqueous solution

A

A strong acid is completely ionized in an aqueous solution

Eg. Hydrochloric
nitrate
sulfuric acid

22
Q

A weak acid is what in aqueous solution

A

A weak acid is only partly ionized in an aqueous solution

Eg. Citric
carbonic acid
Ethanoic

23
Q

If the acid is strong what is the pH

A

The stronger the acid the lower the pH

24
Q

When an ionic compound is melted or dissolved in water what happens to the Ions

A

The ions are free to move about within the liquid or solution these liquids and solutions are able to conduct electricity they are called electrolytes

25
Q

Passing an electric current through electroless is causes the ions to do what

A

To move to the electrodes. (Cathode and anode)

26
Q

Positively charged ions move to the negative what is the negative electric called

A

Cathode

27
Q

Negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode what is the positive electrode called

A

Anode 

28
Q

When ions discharge at the electrodes what do they produce

A

Elements. This process is called electroysis

29
Q

How can metals be extracted

A

Metals can be extracted from molten compounds using electrolysis

30
Q

Why is electrolysis is used for metals

A

Electrolysis is used if the metal is too reactive to be extracted by reduction with carbon or if the metal reacts with carbon

31
Q

At the negative electrode (cathode) What is produced

A

Hydrogen is produced if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen

32
Q

At the positive electrode (anode) what is produced

A

Oxygen is produced unless the solution contains halide ions then the halogen is produced

33
Q

At the cathode (negative electorate) positively charged ions gain electrons so this reaction is called what

A

Reduction

34
Q

An anode (positive electrons) negatively charged ions lose electrons so this reaction is called

A

Oxidation

Chemistry GCSE AQA (12 decks)

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