Chemical Changes Flashcards
Metals that react with oxygen to produce?
Metal oxide
What is the reaction called between metals and oxygen when producing metal oxide
Oxidation because the metals gains oxygen
What is reduction
The gaining of electrons but Involves the loss of oxygen
What is oxidation
The loss of Oxygen but the gain of electrons
What type of ions do metal substances form when metal reacts with another substance
Positive ions
The metals potassium sodium lithium calcium magnesium zinc iron and carbon can be put an order of the reactivity from the reactions of?
Reactions with water and dilute acids
What happens if a Reactive metal is more reactive than the other metals
A more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal to form a compound
The reactions of metal with water and acids are limited to what
The room temperature
Name one unreactive metal found in earth
Gold
Unreactive metals such as gold are found in the Earth as a metal itself but most metals are found as what
Most metals are found as compounds that require chemical reactions to extract the metal
How can carbon be extracted from metals less reactive than it
Metal less reactive than carbon can be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon
Acids react with metals to produce
Salts and hydrogen
Acids are neutralized by…
Alkalis and bases
What do alkalize and bases produce
Salt and water
Or

By metal carbonate = Salts + water + carbon dioxide 
How can a student make soluble salts
Soluble salts can be made from acids by reacting them with solid insoluble substances 
Excess solid can be filtered
Acids produce what
Hydrogen ions (H+)in aqueous solution
Aqueous solutions of alkali’s contain what
Hydroxide ions (OH-)
How can the pH scale be measured
Using universal indicator or a pH probe
Neutralization reactants between us is an alkaline hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to produce
Water
H+(Aq) + OH-(Aq) > h2o(L)
A strong acid is what in aqueous solution
A strong acid is completely ionized in an aqueous solution
Eg. Hydrochloric
nitrate
sulfuric acid
A weak acid is what in aqueous solution
A weak acid is only partly ionized in an aqueous solution
Eg. Citric
carbonic acid
Ethanoic
If the acid is strong what is the pH
The stronger the acid the lower the pH
When an ionic compound is melted or dissolved in water what happens to the Ions
The ions are free to move about within the liquid or solution these liquids and solutions are able to conduct electricity they are called electrolytes
Passing an electric current through electroless is causes the ions to do what
To move to the electrodes. (Cathode and anode)
Positively charged ions move to the negative what is the negative electric called
Cathode
Negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode what is the positive electrode called
Anode 
When ions discharge at the electrodes what do they produce
Elements. This process is called electroysis
How can metals be extracted
Metals can be extracted from molten compounds using electrolysis
Why is electrolysis is used for metals
Electrolysis is used if the metal is too reactive to be extracted by reduction with carbon or if the metal reacts with carbon
At the negative electrode (cathode) What is produced
Hydrogen is produced if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen
At the positive electrode (anode) what is produced
Oxygen is produced unless the solution contains halide ions then the halogen is produced
At the cathode (negative electorate) positively charged ions gain electrons so this reaction is called what
Reduction
An anode (positive electrons) negatively charged ions lose electrons so this reaction is called
Oxidation
