chemistry (MATTER) Flashcards
how many states and types of matter
3 states (solid, liquid and gas) 2 types (pure sub. and mixture)
types of pure substances
element and compound
example of compound
pure water, methane, sugar, salt
examples of element
Helium,
copper
calcium
iron
sodium
chlorine
bromine
carbon
description of element
cannot be broken down into simpler substances
description of compound
has a fixed composition. can be broken down into elements by chemical reactions
types of mixtures
solution and suspension
description of solution
uniform composition.
examples of solution
salt in water, sugar in water, sulphur in carbon dioxide, water in alcohol
description of suspension
non uniform composition
examples of suspension
salt and sand, sugar and salt, water in oil
what happens when you whip cream?
when we whip cream, air enters the cream to make it soft and fluffy.
is whipped cream a pure substance or mixture
whipped cream is a mixture of 30% water and cream
what makes the peaks stiff when we whip cream
when we whip cream air gets mixed in and the fat in the cream surrounds the air bubbles and keeps them in place.
types of elements
metal and non-metal
metal element examples
copper (Cu) calcium (Ca) Iron (Fe) Mercury (Hg) Sodium (Na)
non-metal element examples
oxygen (O) Hydrogen (H) Helium (He) Carbon (C) Chlorine (Cl) Bromine (Br)
Mercury is-
Bromine is-
the only metal liquid
the only liquid non metal element
what are solutions
solutions are mixtures of soluble solids, called solutes and liquids called solvents
what are aqueous solutions
solutions made with water
what is a solution of copper sulphate in water
CuSO4 (aq) stands for aqueous
what is a solute
it is a substance that dissolves in a liquid
what is a solvent
a liquid that dissolves other substances
examples of states of matter
solid- ice, liquid - water/mercury/milk, gas - hydrogen/carbon dioxide
what is a separating funnel used for
to separate two liquids that do not mix
what are such liquids called
immiscible
they are -
where they -
poured into the separating funnel, separate into two layers
the denser layer -
the less dense layer -
water
oil
when the tap is opened
the more dense layer can be collected in a beaker
