Chemistry Final

Question 1

organic compound properties

Answer 1

covalent
non polar
low melting
low boiling
high flammability
not soluble in water- unless polar present

Question 2

inorganic compound properties

Answer 2

ionic bond
ionic polarity
high boiling
high melting
low flammability
soluble in water

Question 3

does organic or inorganic have fewer compounds

Answer 3

inorganic

Question 4

hydrogenation

Answer 4

alkene + H2 > alkane

Question 5

hydration

Answer 5

alkene + h2O > alcohol

Question 6

polymerization

Answer 6

alkene + high temp pressure > polymer

Question 7

phenol

Answer 7

OH on top of ring

Question 8

thiol

Answer 8

contain SH group

Question 9

why are short chain alcohols water soluble

Answer 9

they can hydrogen bond

Question 10

3-pentanol undergoes oxidation, product is

Answer 10

ketone

Question 11

`

Question 12

product of oxidation of secondary alcohol

Answer 12

Ketone

Question 13

product of dehydration of 1-propanol

Answer 13

alkene

Question 14

major product of dehydration of 2-methycyclobutanol

Answer 14

1-methylcyclobutene

Question 15

oxidation of alcohol

Answer 15

increase # of carbon-oxygen bonds

Question 16

reduction of alcohol

Answer 16

decrease # of carbon-oxygen bonds

Question 17

alcohol with 5 or more carbons

Answer 17

not soluble

Question 18

alcohol with 4 carbons

Answer 18

slightly soluble

Question 19

alcohol with 1-3 carbons

Answer 19

soluble

Question 20

reduction of ketone

Answer 20

secondary alcohol

Question 21

reduction of aldehyde

Answer 21

primary alcohol

Question 22

oxidation of aldehyde

Answer 22

carboxylic acid

Question 23

oxidation of primary alcohol

Answer 23

aldehyde, carboxylic acid

Question 24

what does Benedicts reagent test for

Answer 24

aldehydes

Question 25

Tollens' test

Answer 25

aldehyde is oxidized and Ag+ is reduced

Question 26

reaction of alcohol with aldehyde is

Answer 26

addition

Question 27

ether

Answer 27

oxygen splits the carbon

Question 28

hemiacetal

Answer 28

carbon bonded to one oxygen and one alcohol

Question 29

acetal

Answer 29

carbon bonded to 2 oxygen groups

Question 30

requirement of photosynthesis

Answer 30

sun, water, carbon dioxide

Question 31

products of photosynthesis

Answer 31

carbohydrates and oxygen

Question 32

where do carbohydrates come from

Answer 32

carbohydrates contain hydrogen and oxygen in a 2:1 ratio

Question 33

functional groups in open chain forms of monosaccharides

Answer 33

hydroxyl an aldehyde or ketone

Question 34

Benedicts test of glucose would be

Answer 34

positive

Question 35

dissaccharide not a reducing sugar

Answer 35

sucrose

Question 36

disaccharide that occurs as breakdown of amylose

Answer 36

maltose

Question 37

carbohydrate produced as storage form energy in plants

Answer 37

amylopectin

Question 38

storage form of energy in humans

Answer 38

glycogen

Question 39

carbohydrate used for structural purposes by plants

Answer 39

cellulose

Question 40

polysaccharide composed of many glucose units linked by a(1-4) glycosidic bonds

Answer 40

amylose

Question 41

sugar containing glucose and galactose

Answer 41

lactose

Question 42

polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by a(1-4) and a(1-6) glycosidic bonds

Answer 42

glycogen

Question 43

disaccharide that is a reducing sugar

Answer 43

lactose and maltose

Question 44

carbohydrate composed of glucose units joints by b(1-4) glycosidic bonds

Answer 44

cellulose

Question 45

sugar composed of glucose and fructose

Answer 45

sucrose

Question 46

table sugar

Answer 46

sucrose

Question 47

gives glucitol upon reduction

Answer 47

glucose

Question 48

gives galactose upon hydrolysis

Answer 48

lactose

Question 49

Product when carboxylic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide

Answer 49

carboxylate salt

Question 50

carboxylic acids are water soluble due to their

Answer 50

ability to hydrogen bond

Question 51

acid hydrolysis

Answer 51

water react with ester > carboxylic acid and alcohol

Question 52

saponification

Answer 52

ester undergoes hydrolysis > carboxylic salt and alcohol

Question 53

neutralization

Answer 53

weak - neutralized by strong base > carboxylic salt + water

Question 54

esterification

Answer 54

ester produced, carboxylic acid and alcohol react

Question 55

ester have...

Answer 55

pleasant odor can undergo hydrolysis formed from alcohol and carboxylic acid lower boiling point than corresponding acid

Question 56

in a hydrolysis reaction

Answer 56

an ester reacts with H2O

Question 57

biomolecule soluble in organic solvents but not water

Answer 57

lipid

Question 58

fatty acid that is unsaturated is usually

Answer 58

from vegetable sources and liquid at room temp

Question 59

triglycerols are formed by

Answer 59

esterification

Question 60

triglycerols would be expected to be

Answer 60

saturated and a solid at room temp

Question 61

triglycerol reacts with strong base, products would be

Answer 61

glycerol and the sodium salt of the fatty acid

Question 62

triglycerol reacts with strong base it would be..

Answer 62

saponification

Question 63

alkanes

Answer 63

non polar insoluble in water less dense than water flammable in the air in crude oil

Question 64

combustion of alkanes

Answer 64

carbon - carbon single bonds are difficult to break, least reactive family of organic compounds

Question 65

alkense and alkynes

Answer 65

unsaturated hydrocarbons bc don't contain max number of hydrogen atoms react with hydrogen gas to become alkanes

Question 66

hydrogenation

Answer 66

hydrogen add to carbon atoms

Question 67

hydration

Answer 67

alkene react with water to form alcohol OH goes to carbon with fewer hydrogen Markonikov's rule

Question 68

hydration

Answer 68

alkene react with water to form alcohol OH goes to carbon with fewer hydrogen Markonikov's rule

Question 69

halogenation

Answer 69

halogen atoms (Cl or Br) add to carbon of double or triple bond, make single

Question 70

bromine added to alkane - red color

Answer 70

stay

Question 71

bromine added to alkene or alkyne - red color

Answer 71

disappears immediately

Question 71

bromine added to alkene or alkyne - red color

Answer 71

disappears immediately

Question 72

alcohol with two -OH groups

Answer 72

diol

Question 72

alcohol with two -OH groups

Answer 72

diol

Question 73

thiol odor

Answer 73

strong disagreeable odor cheese, onion, garlic, oyster

Question 74

phenols

Answer 74

slightly soluble in water -OH group to form hydrogen bonds with water