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chemistry exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which IM force is this? F2 boils at 85k, but Cl2 boils at 238k.

A

Dispersion

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2
Q

Which IM force is this? Xe is liquid at 120k, but Ar is gas.

A

Dispersion

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3
Q

Which IM force is this? Ch3OH boils at 65k but CH3SH boils at 6k.

A

H bond

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4
Q

Which IM force is this? Acetone boils at 65k, but 2-methylpropane boils at -12.

A

dipole dipole

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5
Q

What happens if gas is under high pressure?

A

Inc of IM forces, and molecules are closer together, so it can transform to liquid and even solid.

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6
Q

Why does increase in temp cause transformation of solid to liquid to gas?

A

By adding energy, endothermic reaction

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7
Q

Which IM force operates only with Hydrogen atom of a polar bond with a nearby small electronegative atom?

A

H bond.

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8
Q

Which type of IM force operates only with polar molecules?

A

Dipole Dipole

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9
Q

Which ion force operates between all molecules?

A

London dispersion

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10
Q

Acetones IM force is _________ bc of its _______

A

dipole dipole, permanent dipole

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11
Q

Larger the atom, the more polarizeable (t/f)

A

true

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12
Q

For molecules of same mass, dispersion force increases as polarizeability increases (t/f)

A

true

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13
Q

Dispersion factors between linear molecules are greater than dispersion forces between spherical molecules (t/f)

A

true

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14
Q

dipole dipole are always larger than dispersion (t/f)

A

false. sometimes w bigger molecule, its dispersion force is stronger.

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15
Q

For molecules w/ varying molecular weight, dispersion forces may not become stronger as molecules become more polarizable (t/f)

A

true. polarizability increases with size.

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16
Q

How does the average kinetic energy of molecules compare with the average energy of attraction between molecules in solids?

A

The average kinetic energy of molecules is less than the average energy of attraction between molecules.

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17
Q

How does the average kinetic energy of molecules compare with the average energy of attraction between molecules in liquids?

A

The average kinetic energy of molecules is approximately equal to the average energy of attraction between molecules.

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18
Q

How does the average kinetic energy of molecules compare with the average energy of attraction between molecules in gases?

A

The average kinetic energy of molecules is greater than the average energy of attraction between molecules.

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19
Q

Which type of intermolecular attractive force operates between all molecules?

A

London dispersion forces

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20
Q

Which type of intermolecular attractive force operates only between polar molecules?

A

dipole-dipole forces

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21
Q

Dispersion force inc as ______ inc

A

mw

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22
Q

Surface tension and temperature are

A

inversely related

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23
Q

Viscosity and temperature are

A

inversely related

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24
Q

Substances with high surface tension also tend to have high viscosities since both are related to the

A

strength of IM forces

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25
The weaker the intermolecular forces in a molecule, the greater its...
volatility
26
increasing molecular weight is the opposite of
increasing volatility
27
Covalent bonding occurs in both molecular and covalent-network solids. Which of the following statements best explains why these two kinds of solids differ so greatly in their hardness and melting points?
The molecules in molecular solids are held together by weak intermolecular interactions.
28
Is Si a molecular, metallic, ionic, or covalent-network solid?
Si is a covalent-network solid.
29
Silicon readily reacts to form silicon dioxide, SiO2 , which is quite hard and is insoluble in water. Is SiO2 most likely a molecular, metallic, ionic, or covalent-network solid?
SiO2 is a covalent-network solid.
30
Which element or elements are alloyed with gold to make white gold used in the jewelry industry?
Ni,Pd
31
Indicate what type of alloy is formed for white gold.
substitutional alloy
32
Which element or elements are alloyed with gold to make rose gold used in the jewelry industry?
Cu
33
Indicate what type of alloy is formed for rose gold.
substitutional alloy
34
Which element or elements are alloyed with gold to make blue gold used in the jewelry industry?
In
35
Indicate what type of alloy is formed for blue gold.
intermetallic compounds
36
Which element or elements are alloyed with gold to make green gold used in the jewelry industry?
Ag
37
Indicate what type of alloy is formed for green gold.
substitutional alloy
38
Intermetallic compounds have a fixed composition. (t/f)
true
39
Copper is the majority component in both brass and bronze. (t/f)
true
40
In stainless steel, the chromium atoms occupy interstitial positions. (t/f)
false
41
Substitutional alloys tend to be more ductile than interstitial alloys. (t/f)
true
42
Nonmetallic elements are never found in alloys.(t/f)
false
43
Interstitial alloys tend to form between elements with similar ionic radii. (t/f)
false
44
Substitutional alloys are solid solns, but interstitial alloys are heterogenous alloys (t/f)
false
45
The atomic radii of atoms in a substitutional alloy are similar to each other, but in an interstitial alloy, the interstitial atoms are a lot smaller than the host lattice atoms (t/f)
true
46
Subs alloys have solute atoms that replace solvent atoms in a lattice but interstitial alloys have...
solute atoms that are in between the solvent atoms in a lattice
47
Aluminum metal crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell. -How many Aluminum atoms are in a unit cell? -What is the coordination number of each Aluminum atom? -Calculate the density of Aluminum metal.
-4 atoms -12 -2.71
48
What type of IM Force is CCl4 in benzene C6H6?
dispersion
49
What type of IM Force is CH3OH in water?
H bonding
50
What type of IM Force is NaBr in water?
Ion dipole
51
What type of IM Force is NF3 in CH3CN?
dipole dipole
52
An ionic compound has a very negative ΔHsoln in water. -Would you expect it to be very soluble or nearly insoluble in water? -Which term would you expect to be the largest negative number: ΔHsolvent, ΔHsolute, or ΔHmix -
-very soluble -h mix
53
Glycerol and water have which IM Forces
dip dip, h bond, dispersion
54
N2O4 (g) --> 2NO2 (g) what is the rate law for forward and reverse rxns? what is k eq?
forward: kf[N2O4] reverse: kf[NO2]^2 keq: [NO2]^2 / [N2O4]
55
kp=...
Kp = Kc (RT) ^delta n (change in mols)
56
If K>>1, ______ If K <<1, ______
-rxn favors products -rxn favors reactants
57
Rxn quotients of heterogenous eq do not include conc of...
pure liquids or pure solids
58
Which compound has highest bp? H2O, H2S, H2Se, H2Te
H2O
59
In liquids, the attractive IM Forces are...
strong enough to hold molecules close together, but not strong enough to keep molecules from moving past each other
60
As gas elements condense, the atoms become_____ and they have _____ attraction for one another
closer together, more
61
Which combination of KE and IM forces result in a formation of a solid?
KE is much less than IF
62
Which property is not effected by IM Forces? bp, color, mp, viscosity
color
63
Which has lowest bp? CH3OH , H2S. , NH3, HCl , CH4
CH4
64
Which interaction must be overcome for water to evaporate?
H bonding
65
To form hydrogen bond, what must the non hydrogen atom possess?
must have a non bonding electron pair
66
How is energy involved in deposition related to those for condensation and freezing?
its magnitude is equal to the sum of condensation and freezing
67
The difference between amorphous solids and crystalline solids is that...
crystalline solids have repeating lattice patterns
68
which of these is not a type of cubic unit cell? primitive, corner centered, body centered, face centered
corner centered.
69
the type of element whose properties are explained by band theory
metalloids
70
which of these substances has the weakest IM force sucrose (table sugar),, NaCl, diamond, Iron
sucrose
71
Ionic solids have _____ attractions
electrostatic
72
metallic solids have _______
delocalized electrons
73
molecular solids have ______
dispersion , dip dip, ion dip, h bond
74
metals are....
malleable, ductile, good conductors
75
Computers are made from...
semi conductors
76
Nanotubes can be made from ...
Carbon
77
n type has : p type has :
more ve- less ve-
78
a material is super conducting if...
it conducts with no resistance
79
is deltaHmix bigger or smaller than deltaHsolute+solvent when its an exothermic soln?
deltaHmix is smaller , heat is being given out in products
80
if an aq soln is dilute....
its molality will be same as molarity
81
molality formula
mol solute / kg of solvent
82
rate of rxn can inc by..
add heat, add catalyst, inc conc
83
If we know that a rxn is elementary...
then we know its rate law
84
in a rxn, species produced in early step and consumed in later step is
intermediate
85
in a rxn, species on the reactant side initially that is consumed in an early step and regenerated later is a
catalyst
86
if the value of equilibrium constant is large then ______ will mostly be present at eq
products
87
if the value of eq constant is small than ______ will mostly be present at eq
reactants
88
the eq constant expression depends on the _______ of the rxn
stoichiometry
89
CO2 + H2 <----> CO + H2O if all are gases and CO2 is removed, the CO at equilibrium will...
decrease
90
CO2 + H2 <-----> CO + H2O inc temp of this endo rxn will _______ CO at equilibrium
increase
91
reaction rate is the change in the amount of __________ over time
products or reactants
92
3 factors effecting rate of rxn
physical state of reactants conc of reactants presence of a catalyst
93
for reaction A + B ---->C and Rate = k[B]^2... if A is doubled, will the rate constant change? what is the order of A and B?
no 0, 2
94
what are units for rate constant
M^-1s^-1
95
K = C + ___
273
96
E on calc is
x 10^flip sign
97
mass %
mass / total mass *100
98
mole fraction
mol / total mol
99
grams to kg
divide grams by 1000
100
mL to L
divide mL by 1000
101
1/2 life =
ln(2) / K
102
density of water
1 gram / mL !!!
103
collision formula
K = A * e ^ -Ea/ RT. (a=collison)
104
x % by mass ...
means x grams in 100g soln
105
ln K2/ K1 ....
ln K2 / K1 = Ea/R * 1/T1 - 1/T2
106
n t equation....
nt = n0 e ^ -kt. (nt is final mol n0 is initial mol)
107
how to solve rate of combustion
look at coefficents, base on that . water vapor is H value
108
ppb
-conc of x*10^-9 -mult by mass of soln, to get mass of element.
109
% by mass
mass / total mass *100 ** assume 1 L of soln
110
quadratic
-b +/- sqrt of b^2-4ac all over 2a

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