Chemical Equilibria Flashcards
In a reversible reaction, the reaction often does not proceed to ___ because the products can react to ___ the ___. This is particularly true of reactions occurring in __ ____, where products are not allowed to escape.
completion, reform, reactants, closed systems
When there is no __ __ in the concentrations of the products and reactants during a ___ ___ ___, equilibrium exists.
net change, reversible chemical reaction
At equilibrium the concentrations of reactant and product are ___, but the forward and reverse reactions continue to occur at __ ____. However, the __ ___ of the reactants and products usually are not equal. This means that the forward and reverse ___ ____, are also unequal.
constant, equal rates, molar concentrations, rate constants
In the equilibrium constant, pure __ and ___ do not appear in the expression, Keq is characteristic of a __ __ at a given temperature, if the value of Keq is much ____ than ____, an equilibrium mixture of reactants and products with contain very little of the reactants compared to the products. If the value of Keq is much ___ than ____, the mixture will contain very little of the products compared to the reactants. If the value is close to 1, the mixture will contain approximately ____ amounts of reactants and products
solids, liquids, given system, larger, 1, smaller, 1, equal
In a system at constant ___, a change in ____ causes a change in _____ and vice versa. Since solids and liquids are practically ____, a change in the pressure or volume of these systems has little or no effect on their equilibrium. Reactions involving _____, which are highly compressible, changes the ___ of the gases it contains. An increase in the pressure will shift the equilibrium to decrease the number of ___ of ___ present, This reduces the __ of the systems and relieves the stress of the increased pressure
temperature, pressure, volume, incompressible, gasses, concentration, moles, gas, volume
When the pressure of the system is increased, the equilibrium will shift so that the side of the reaction producing __ ___ is favoured. Conversely, if the volume of the same system is increased, its pressure decreases, leading to a shift towards the side of the reaction producing ____ ____
fewer moles, greater moles
Changes in _____ alter the equilibrium constant. However, changes in ___ of a species, in the __ or in the ____ alter the position of the __ ____ without changing the numerical value of the equilibrium constant itself
temperature, concentration, pressure, volume, reaction quotient
In solvation, equilibrium is reached when the rate of ___ __ is equal to the rate of ______. At equilibrium the net concentration of the ___ ___ remains unchanged regardless of the amount of solute added.
solute dissociation, precipitation, dissociated solute
The ___ __ of a compound in solution is defined with respect to initial concentrations, while the __ ___ ___ represents equilibrium with its __ ____.
ion product, solubility product constant, saturated solution
If Q is equal to K, the solution is ___, and the rate at which the salt dissolves equals the rate at which it _____ out of solution. If Q > K, the solution is _____, and ___. If Q < K, the solution is ___ and no precipitate will form
saturated, precipitates, supersaturated, unstable, unsaturated
The quantity of salt that can be dissolved is considerably ____ when it is dissolved in a solution that already contains one of its ____ rather than in a ___ ___. This is called the ___ ___ ___. This effect will not change ___ but it will change the ___ ___, or the concentrations of the ___ ___ in solution.
reduced, ions, pure solvent, common ion effect, Ksp, molar solubility, individual ions
