Acids and Bases

Question 1

Acids have a ___ taste. acids in aqueous solution can ____ ___. Nonoxidizing acids react with ___ to produce __ ___. It causes litmus paper to turn ___

Answer 1

sour, conduct electricity, metals, hydrogen gas, red

Question 2

Bases have a ____ taste. Bases in aqueous solutions can __ __. They feel ___ to the touch, and cause litmus paper to turn ___.

Answer 2

bitter, conduct electricity, slippery, blue

Question 3

Says that acids produces H+ in aqueous solution and bases form OH-

Answer 3

arrhenius definiton

Question 4

defines acids as a species that donated protons and a base as a species that accepts protons

Answer 4

bronsted-lowry definition

Question 5

Defines an acid as an electron pair acceptor and a base as an electron pair donor

Answer 5

lewis definition

Question 6

Acids formed from anions whose names end in ide have the prefix ___ and the ending ____.

Answer 6

hydro, ic

Question 7

Acids formed from oxyanions are called ____. If the anion ends its ___ (less oxygen) than the acid will end with ___ acid. If the anion ends in ___ (more oxygen), then the acid will end with ___ acid. Prefixes are retained.

Answer 7

oxyacids, ous, ate, ic

Question 8

Strong acids examples

Answer 8

HClO4, HNO3, H2SO4, HCl

Question 9

Strong bases example

Answer 9

NaOH, KOH, CaOH2, other soluble hydroxides of group IA and IIA metals

Question 10

Calculation of the __ and ___ of strong acids and bases assumes __ __ of the acid or base in solution

Answer 10

pH, pOH, complete dissociation

Question 11

The acid dissociation constant

Answer 11

ka = (H3O+)(A-)/(HA)

Question 12

Base dissociation constant

Answer 12

kb = (B+)(OH) / (BOH)

Question 13

the acid formed when a base gains a proton

Answer 13

conjugate base

Question 14

formed when an acid loses a proton

Answer 14

conjugate base

Question 15

The larger the ka /kb the ___ the acid / base. For strong acids and bases, the ka and kb are significantly larger than ___.

Answer 15

stronger, 1

Question 16

For weak acids, you can assume the change in the initial concentration of the acid will be ____, because of the small ____.

Answer 16

negligible, dissociation

Question 17

when acids and bases react with each other to form a salt and usually water

Answer 17

neutralization reaction

Question 18

The salt formed during a neutralization reaction may ____ out or remain ____ in solution depending on its -__ and the amount produced. Neutralization reactions generally go to ____.

Answer 18

precipitate, ionized, solubility, completion

Question 19

A reaction in which the salt ions react with water to give back the acid or base

Answer 19

hydrolysis

Question 20

The product between a strong acid and strong base are a __ and ___. The conjugate acids and cases are so __ that they are inert and do not contribute to the ___ of the solution. The resulting solution is ____

Answer 20

salt, water, weak, pH, neutral

Question 21

the product between a strong acid and weak base is a ___ but usually no water because weak bases are usually not ___. the ___ of the salt is the conjugate acid of a weak base, which will contribute to the pH. The combination of an __ ___ and __ __ ___ forms a slightly ___ solution

Answer 21

salt, hydroxides, cation, inert anion, weak acid cation, acidic

Question 22

When a weak acid reacts with a strong base, the ___ product is inert and the anion product is a __ __. The resulting solution will be ___

Answer 22

cation, weak base, basic

Question 23

species that can act as either an acid or base depending on its environment

Answer 23

amphiprotic

Question 24

when the number of acid equivalents equals the number of base equivalents

Answer 24

equivalence point

Question 25

the point at which the reaction is complete

Answer 25

end point

Question 26

a solution consisting of a weak acid and its salt or a weak base and its salt

Answer 26

buffer solution

Question 27

The ____ ___ is used to estimate the pH of a solution in the buffer region where the concentrations of the species and its ___ are present in approximately ___ ___

Answer 27

henderson-hasselbalch equation, conjugate, equal concentrations