Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Types of chemical forces
Vanderwaal forces, hydrogen bonding, chemical bonds
Ionic Bond
Transfer of electrons from electropositive to electronegative element
Covalent Bond
Mutual sharing of electrons between two atoms
Metallic Bond
Force of attraction between free electrons and metals kernels present on the surface of a metal
Polarising Power of Cation
Tendency of cation to distort electron cloud of an anion
Polarizability of Anion
Distortion of anion due to cation
Factors affecting polarising power
Ionisation Energy, Zeff, Covalent character, 1/Ionic character
Polarizability of anion
Charge on anion, Covalent character, 1/Ionic character
s orbitals only form which bond
Only sigma
Sigma bond
Bonds formed by head-on overlapping of two pure atomic orbitals or two hybrid atomic orbitals or 1 hybrid and 1pure orbital
Pi bond
Bond formed by lateral or side-wise overlapping of pure atomic orbital
Delta bond
Bonds in which two d-orbitals overlap with each other
𝜏 bond
Bonds formed by side-wise overlapping of two hybrid orbitals away from their internuclear axis
3 types of covalent types
Hypervalent: More than 8
Hypovalent: Less than 8
Isovalent: Equal to 8
Structure with sp hybridisation
Linear
Structure with sp2 hybridisation
Triagonal Planner
Structure with sp3 hybridisation
Tetrahedal
Structure with sp3d hybridisation
Triangular Pyramidal
Structure with sp3d2 hybridisation
Octahedral
Structure with sp3d3 hybridisation
Pentagonal
Draw the structure of NH3 and H2O
Back Bonding
Coordinate bond between acceptor and donor atom
Diborane(B2H6)
Smallest nido borane
Dimerisation of BH3
Bond Order depends upon
Stability, 1/Bond Length
Polar compounds
Molecules having net non-zero values of dipole moment
Non-polar compounds
Molecules having dipole moment zero
