CHEM | LESSON 1 Flashcards
pointed out that the lack of chemical reactivity of the noble gases indicates a high degree of stability of their electron configurations.
In 1916, Gilbert N. Lewis
An atom that loses one or more electrons becomes a positively charged ion called an
Cation
An atom that gains one or more electrons becomes a negatively charged ion called a
Anion
pointed out that the lack of chemical reactivity of the noble gases indicates a high degree of stability of their electron configurations.
In 1916, Gilbert N. Lewis
Octet rule #1
The tendency of Group 1A–7A elements to react in ways that achieve an electron configuration of eight valence electrons.
Octet rule #2
In losing one electron, a sodium atom forms a sodium ion, which has the same electron configuration as neon.
Octet rule #3
In gaining one electron, a chlorine atom forms a chloride ion, which has the same electron configuration as argon.
Octet rule #4
The octet rule does not apply to
Group 1B–8B (transition elements),
the result of the force of attraction between a cation and an anion.
the result of the force of attraction between a cation and an anion.
Ionic bond
the result of the force of attraction between two atoms that share one or more pairs of electrons.
Covalent bond
formed by the transfer of one or more valence electrons from an atom of lower electronegativity to an atom of higher electronegativity.
Ionic bond
The more electronegative atom gains one or more valence electrons and becomes an
Anion
The less electronegative atom loses one or more valence electrons and becomes a
Cation
The compound formed by the combination of an anion and a cation is called an
Ionic compound
formed by sharing one or more pairs of electrons.
Covalent bond
shared by both atoms and, at the same time, fills the valence shell of each atom.
Pair of electrons
measure an atom’s attraction for the electrons it
shares in a chemical bond with another atom.
Electronegativity
a periodic property and depends on nuclear charge and the distance of the valence electrons from the nucleus.
Electronegativity
Electrons are shared equally.
Nonpolar covalent bond
Electron sharing is not equal.
Polar covalent bond
