ALE | MID 2

Question 1

The growing field of leadership study began with what has been coined as the ______ which presupposes that ______

Answer 1

Great Man Theory
leaders are born to lead

Question 2

was born out of the early Great Man theory which is an attempt to provide an early framework for leadership study

Answer 2

Trait theory

Question 3

surmised that certain qualities were needed, such as: high energy, integrity, competence of their area of expertise, intelligence, and faith, among others

Answer 3

Trait theories

Question 4

Trait theorists surmised that certain qualities were needed, such as:

Answer 4

high energy, integrity, competence of their area of expertise, intelligence, and faith, among others

Question 5

There is no finite line to define when one period of leadership theory ends and where another begins.

Answer 5

Interregnum period

Question 6

There is no finite line to define when one period of leadership theory ends and where another begins.

Answer 6

study of power

Question 7

The focus of this area was on the amount of power acquired by a leader and the way the power was utilized to influence or otherwise persuade those subordinated to him

Answer 7

Power theory

Question 8

This theory failed. Though the power theory ignores the leader’s personality, there is a lack of empirical data to allow for justification of this theory

Answer 8

Power theory

Question 9

Modern research acknowledges that there is about _____ that can be led utilizing a theory such as the Great Man or power theories

Answer 9

a limit of 150 subordinates

Question 10

Beyond this number, leaders would _____ to maintain control, which is not acceptable in our culture

Answer 10

resort to the use of coercion

Question 11

This theory was proposed during the years surrounding World War II.

Answer 11

Interregnum period

Question 12

People searched for strong leaders and found them in the likes of

Answer 12

Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin, Mao, and others.

Question 13

that while the leader focused on accomplishing the task, he or she had concern and an understanding of group cohesiveness as well as the individual members of the group

Answer 13

Behavior theory

Question 14

This theory evolved into the well-known Theory X and Theory Y view of Leadership

Answer 14

Behavior theory

Question 15

There was finally provable recognition that a leader had to adapt to the situation in which he or she found themselves

Answer 15

Situational theory

Question 16

The ability to adapt resulted in more successful leaders

Answer 16

Situational theory

Question 17

The acknowledgement adaptability as a trait led to a renaissance in the view of leadership and this has been termed as Contingency

Answer 17

Contingency approach

Question 18

The style of leadership was given great importance

Answer 18

Contingency approach

Question 19

the leader directs the subordinates in accomplishing the goals of the organization while working with subordinates to overcome obstacles to achieve that goal

Answer 19

Path goal leadership

Question 20

Under this approach, a leader was viewed as most effective when he or she performed a differentiated diagnosis of the situation to determine the best course of action

Answer 20

Normative approach

Question 21

the method by which leaders and followers mutually help each other to increase motivation and ethical behavior

Answer 21

Theory pf transformational leadership

Question 22

Some researchers argue that effective transformative leadership
requires

Answer 22

Charismatic leadership

Question 23

It focusses on the authenticity of the person in charge as well as their actual leadership

Answer 23

Authentic leadership

Question 24

should focus on positive traits as opposed to negative traits.

Answer 24

Leaders and followers

Question 25

another approach arising from the transformative approach.

Answer 25

Servant leadership

Question 26

It emphasizes caring of subordinates, wherein the leader focuses more on the needs of the follower

Answer 26

Servant leadership

Question 27

Leadership theories

Answer 27

• Great Man Theory • Trait Theory • Contingency Theory • Situational Theory • Behavioral Theory

Question 28

These are schools of thought brought forward to explain how and why certain individuals become leaders

Answer 28

Leadership theories

Question 29

It emphasize the traits and behaviors that individuals can adopt to boost their leadership abilities.

Answer 29

Leadership theories

Question 30

claimed in his “great man theory” that leaders are born and that only those men who are given with heroic potentials could ever become the leaders.

Answer 30

Thomas Carlyle

Question 31

He opined that great men were born, not made

Answer 31

Thomas carlyle

Question 32

The early theorists opined that born leaders were endowed with certain _____ and _____ which distinguished them from non-leaders.

Answer 32

physical traits and personality characteristics

Question 33

It is founded on the characteristics of different leaders, both successful and unsuccessful

Answer 33

The trait leadership theories

Question 34

This is used to predict effective leadership

Answer 34

The trait leadership theories

Question 35

The identified characteristics are compared to those potential leaders to determine their likelihood of leading effectively

Answer 35

The trait leadership theories

Question 36

Jenkins identified two traits

Answer 36

Emergent and effectiveness traits

Question 37

(those which are heavily dependent upon heredity) as height, intelligence, attractiveness, and self-confidence and

Answer 37

Emergent traits

Question 38

(based on experience or learning), including charisma, as fundamental component of leadership

Answer 38

Effectiveness traits

Question 39

termed charisma as “the greatest revolutionary force, capable of producing a completely new orientation through followers and complete personal devotion to leaders.

Answer 39

Max weber

Question 40

This theory of attempts to explain and predict behavior and performance based on a person’s need for achievement, power and affiliation.

Answer 40

Achievement motivation theory by david mcclellan

Question 41

He believes that everybody has needs, and that our needs motivate us to satisfy them.

Answer 41

David McClellan

Question 42

One of these three needs (______) tend to be dominant in each of us, and motivates our behaviour

Answer 42

achievement, power and affiliations

Question 43

explain and predict leadership behavior and performance based upon the leader’s attitude toward followers.

Answer 43

Theory X and Theory Y by Douglas McGregor

Question 44

Those with ____ believe that employees dislike work and must be closely supervised in order to carry out tasks.

Answer 44

Theory X attitudes

Question 45

believe that employees like to work and do not need to be closely supervised in order to carry out tasks

Answer 45

Theory Y attitudes

Question 46

Anyone who adopts the appropriate behavior can be a good leader.

Answer 46

Behavioral leadership theories

Question 47

This theory assumes that leadership capability can be learned rather than being inherent

Answer 47

Behavioral leadership theories

Question 48

It is based on the principle that behaviors can be conditioned in a manner that one can have specific response to stimuli

Answer 48

Behavioral leadership theories

Question 49

identified the following two basic leadership styles in their studies: 1. Autocratic leadership style 2. Democratic leadership style

Answer 49

Kurt lewin

Question 50

makes the decisions, tells employees what to do and closely supervises workers

Answer 50

Autocratic leadership style

Question 51

encourages participation in decisions, works with employees to determine what to do and does not closely supervise employees.

Answer 51

Democratic leadership style

Question 52

developed a two-dimensional leadership theory called "The Leadership Grid"

Answer 52

Blake and mouton

Question 53

Researchers rated leaders on a scale of one to nine, according to the following two criteria:

Answer 53

concern for people and concern for results.

Question 54

The scores for these criteria were plotted on a grid with an axis for each criteria

Answer 54

Leadership Grid Theory