Chem - 7/8 (bonding)

Question 1

what s bonding

Answer 1

how and why atoms come together to make compounds

Question 2

how many types of bonding are there

Answer 2

2

Question 3

what are the two types of bonding

Answer 3

ionic and covalent

Question 4

what happens to the electrons in ionic bonding

Answer 4

electrons are transferred

Question 5

what are valence electrons

Answer 5

the electrons on the very outside of an atom

Question 6

why do the noble gases typically not react

Answer 6

they have a full outer shell of valence electrons

Question 7

how many valence electrons do most elements want

Answer 7

8

Question 8

how many valence electrons does hydrogen want

Answer 8

2

Question 9

how many valence electrons does Helium have

Answer 9

2

Question 10

would lithium and fluorine form an ionic compound

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

would potassium and helium form an ionic compound

Answer 11

no

Question 12

is CO2 ionic

Answer 12

no

Question 13

is CaS ionic

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

what are 3 properties of ionic compounds

Answer 14

most are crystalline solids at room temperature
generally have high melting points
can conduct an electric current when melted or dissolved in water

Question 15

why are ionic compounds typically solids at room temperature with high melting points

Answer 15

bc of the orderly arrangement of their ions

each ion is attracted to the ion it is next to so there is less repulsions which results in a stable structure

Question 16

why are ionic solids able to conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water

Answer 16

the ions are free flowing

Question 17

how can you model the valence electrons of metal atoms

Answer 17

as a sea of electrons

Question 18

what is an alloy

Answer 18

a mixture composed of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal

Question 19

why are alloys important

Answer 19

their properties are often superior those of their component elements

Question 20

is the formation of an alloy a chemical or physical change

Answer 20

physical because its a mixture and you can separate it into its components

Question 21

what information does a molecular formula provide

Answer 21

how many atoms of each element a substance contains

Question 22

what is a molecule

Answer 22

a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds

Question 23

what is a molecular compound

Answer 23

a compound that is composed of molecules

Question 24

what is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds

Answer 24

ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electron

Question 25

Does a molecular formula tell you anything about the structure of a molecule

Answer 25

No

Question 25

Does a molecular formula tell you anything about the structure of a molecule

Answer 25

No

Question 26

What representative units define molecular and ionic compounds

Answer 26

MC is molecule | IC is a formula unit

Question 27

Compare and contrast melting and boiling points of molecular and ionic compounds

Answer 27

MC have lower melting and boiling points

Question 28

Compare and contrast the states of matter of molecular and ionic compounds

Answer 28

Many MC are gases or liquids at room temperature, while many IC are crystalline solids

Question 29

What is a single covalent bond

Answer 29

A bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons

Question 30

What is an unshared pair

Answer 30

A pair of valence electrons that is not shared between atoms

Question 31

What is a double covalent bond

Answer 31

a bond that involves two shared pairs of electrons

Question 32

What is a triple covalent bond

Answer 32

a bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons

Question 33

What is a resonance structure

Answer 33

One of the two of more equally valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion

Question 34

What is the VSEPR theory

Answer 34

Electrons want to stay far away from each other, so the shape of the molecule will adjust to honor this

Question 35

What does VSEPR stand for

Answer 35

Valence shell electron pair repulsion

Question 36

What is the degree of the tetrahedral angle

Answer 36

109.5

Question 37

Do unshared pairs affect the structure of molecules

Answer 37

Yes

Question 38

What is electronegativity

Answer 38

How much a bonded atom likes electrons

Question 39

What us the most e neg element

Answer 39

Fluorine

Question 40

What is the least e neg element

Answer 40

Francium

Question 41

What does hydrogen have the same e neg as

Answer 41

Carbon

Question 42

For which kind of bonds is polarity important

Answer 42

Covalent bonds

Question 43

When do you have non polar bonds

Answer 43

Anytime two of the same element are bonded together or when Carbon and hydrogen are bonded

Question 44

When do you have a polar bonds

Answer 44

All other bonds that aren't between two of the same element or carbon and hydrogen

Question 45

How are the electrons shared in non polar bonds

Answer 45

Evenly

Question 46

How are electrons shared in polar bonds

Answer 46

Unevenly

Question 47

What do you need to know in order to find the polarity of molecules

Answer 47

Dot structure Bond polarity Shape

Question 48

What do we know about a molecule if it only has nonpolar bonds

Answer 48

The whole molecule is nonpolar

Question 49

What is the difference between intra and inter

Answer 49

Intra - inside/within | Inter - between

Question 50

Are bonds intramolecular or intermolecular

Answer 50

Intramolecular

Question 51

What are the 3 types of intermolecular forces

Answer 51

Dispersion, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bond

Question 52

List the intermolecular forces in order of weakest to strongest

Answer 52

Dispersion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bond

Question 53

Is dispersion force for polar or non polar molecules

Answer 53

Non polar

Question 54

Is dipole-dipole force for polar or nonpolar molecules

Answer 54

Polar

Question 55

Is hydrogen bond force important for polar or non polar molecules

Answer 55

Extreme polar

Question 56

When/why do dispersion forces take place

Answer 56

Even in nonpolar molecules, the electrons randomly move around, which can randomly make one side of the molecule more negative than the other, making it temporarily polar. The shift of electrons in one molecule induces the same shift in the molecules around it

Question 57

Why are dispersion forces so weak

Answer 57

Because they are temporary

Question 58

What happens in dipole-dipole forces

Answer 58

A polar molecule induces the same thing in the molecule next to it

Question 59

Why are dipole dipole forces stronger than dispersion

Answer 59

Because they are permanent

Question 60

What do we need to form a hydrogen bond

Answer 60

Hydrogen bonded in a molecules to N O or F

Question 61

Why are hydrogen bonds so strong

Answer 61

Because it's an attraction between the very positive part of one molecule and the very negative part of one molecule

Question 62

Why are hydrogen bonds possible

Answer 62

Because whenever hydrogen bonds with N O or F, it already has less electrons (and no lone pairs; it's a 'naked proton') and then N O and F are all more electronegative than H so it makes N, O, or F super negative and leaves H super positive

Question 63

when elements are shared unequally, chemists characterize these types of bonds as

Answer 63

polar covalent

Question 64

metals typically have (high or low) electronegativity values

Answer 64

low

Question 65

what kind of bonds does B2 have

Answer 65

nonpolar

Question 66

where are the alkali metals

Answer 66

the first column

Question 67

if atom X forms a diatomic molecule with itself, what kind of bond is it

Answer 67

Nonpolar covalent

Question 68

where are the alkali earth metals

Answer 68

the second column

Question 69

where are the transition metals

Answer 69

the middle metals

Question 70

where are the metalloids

Answer 70

around the staircase

Question 71

where are the halogens

Answer 71

second to last column

Question 72

where are the noble gases

Answer 72

last column

Question 73

The bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a single water molecule are called what?

Answer 73

Polar covalent bonds

Question 74

Why is aluminum better than boron, oxygen, or hydrogen to make wire from

Answer 74

It is a metal, so it conducts electricity better because it has free flowing electrons

Question 75

The dot structures of charged molecules have to be in what

Answer 75

Brackets with the charge written on the outside!!!