Advanced Chem - Chapter 13 - Equilibrium

Question 1

what is equilibrium in terms of rates

Answer 1

the rate of the forward reaction = rate of the reverse reaction

Question 2

is equilibrium dynamic or static

Answer 2

dynamic

Question 3

what stays constant at equilibrium

Answer 3

the concentrations of reactants and products

Question 4

what affects K

Answer 4

only temperature

Question 5

what is the equilibrium expression

Answer 5

K=[products]/[reactants]

Question 6

what is K of the same but reversed reaction

Answer 6

the reciprocal

Question 7

changes in K are…

Answer 7

exponential

Question 8

what is the Kp expression

Answer 8

Kp = (p products)/(p reactants)

Question 9

how do you calculate change in moles

Answer 9

moles of products - moles of reactants (gases only)

Question 10

do pure solids or liquids ever show up in K expressions

Answer 10

no

Question 11

what is le chatelier’s principle

Answer 11

if we apply a stress to a system at equilibrium, it will shift left or right to alleviate the stress and return to equilibrium

Question 12

what are the 3 ways to stress a system

Answer 12

changes in concentration, changes in pressure, changes in temperature

Question 13

if we add a product, it will shift…

Answer 13

left

Question 14

if we add a reactant, it will shift…

Answer 14

right

Question 15

if we remove a reactant, it will shift…

Answer 15

left

Question 16

if we add an inert gas, it will shift…

Answer 16

it won’t. it increases the total pressure but has no effect on the concentrations or partial pressures of the reactants or products

Question 17

if we increase the volume, it will shift…

Answer 17

to the side with the more moles of gas particles

Question 18

if we decrease the volume, it will shift…

Answer 18

to the side with less moles of gas particles

Question 19

if Q = K…

Answer 19

the system is at equilibrium

Question 20

if Q

Answer 20

you need to shift right to reach equilibrium

Question 21

if Q > K…

Answer 21

you need to shift left to reach equilibrium

Question 22

what is R

Answer 22

0.0821 L atm/mol K

Question 23

what is the relationship between Kp and Kc

Answer 23

Kp = Kc(RT)^change in moles

Question 24

under what conditions is the amount of NH3 present at equilibrium favored by

Answer 24

low temps and high pressures

Question 25

even though low temperatures increase the production of products, it is not feasible to carry out a reaction at low temperatures. Why not

Answer 25

the reaction would be too slow to be practical

Question 26

what happens if there is a change in volume of the system but there are the same number of moles of gas on each side

Answer 26

no shift

Question 27

how should we treat energy in an endothermic process

Answer 27

as a reactant

Question 28

how should we treat energy in an exothermic process

Answer 28

as a product

Question 29

a small value of K (less than 1) means the equilibrium lies to the…

Answer 29

left

Question 30

a large value of K (more than 1) means the equilibrium lies to the…

Answer 30

right

Question 31

adding energy/raising temperature of an endothermic reaction shifts the system to the…

Answer 31

right

Question 32

removing energy/lowering temp of an endothermic reaction shifts the system to the…

Answer 32

left

Question 33

adding energy/raising temperature of an exothermic reaction shifts the system to the…

Answer 33

left

Question 34

removing energy/lowering temp of an exothermic reaction shifts the system to the…

Answer 34

right