AP Chem - Chapter 5 - Gases

Question 1

does a gas uniformly fill any container

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

are gases easily compressed

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

will gases mix completely with any other gas

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

do gases exert pressure on their surroundings

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

what is a barometer

Answer 5

a device used to measure atmospheric pressure

Question 6

how does a barometer work

Answer 6

a glass tube is filled with mercury and inverted in a dish of mercury. mercury flows out of the tube until the pressure of the column of mercury is equal to the pressure of the air

Question 7

what affects atmospheric pressure

Answer 7

weather conditions

altitude

Question 8

what is Boyle’s law

Answer 8

PV = k

pressure and volume are inversely proportional

Question 9

what is charles law

Answer 9

V = bT

temperature and volume are directly proportional

Question 10

why do gas law probs have to be in Kelvin

Answer 10

so its a direct relationship since kelvin is an absolute temperature scale

Question 11

what is avogadro’s law

Answer 11

v =an

volume and number of moles are directly proportional

Question 12

what is the ideal gads law

Answer 12

PV = nRT

Question 13

when do gases behave closet to the ideal gas law

Answer 13

low pressures and high temps

Question 14

what is the combined gas law

Answer 14

PV/nT = PV/nT

Question 15

what is dalton’s law of partial pressures

Answer 15

for a mixture of gases in a container, the total pressure exerted is the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 …

Question 16

what does the partial pressure of each gas in a mixture of gases in a container depend on

Answer 16

the number of moles of that gas, not the identity or composition of the involved particles

Question 17

what does the fact that the pressure exerted by an ideal gas is not affected by the identity of the gas particles reveal about ideal gases

Answer 17

1) the volume of the individual gas particles must not be important
2) the forces among the particles must not be important

Question 18

what are the 4 parts of kinetic molecular theory

Answer 18

1) the volume of the individual particles in a gas can be assumed to be negligible bc the particles are so small compared with the distances between them
2) the particles are in constant motion
3) the particles are assumed to exert no forces on each other
4) avg KE is assumed to be directly proportional to the kelvin temp of the gas

Question 19

what is the kinetic molecular theory

Answer 19

a simple model that attempts to explain the properties of an ideal gas

Question 20

what is the relationship between avg KE and kelvin temp

Answer 20

directly proportional

Question 21

what is diffusion

Answer 21

the mixing of gasses

Question 22

what is the rate of diffusion

Answer 22

the rate of the mixing gases

Question 23

what is effusion

Answer 23

the passage of a gas through a tiny orifice into an evacuated chamber

Question 24

what does the rate of effusion measure

Answer 24

the speed at which the gas is transferred into the chamber

Question 25

what is graham’s law of effusion

Answer 25

the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles

Question 26

what does the effusion rate for a gas depend directly on

Answer 26

the average velocity of its particles

Question 27

when do gases come close to following the ideal gas law

Answer 27

low pressures and/or high temps

Question 28

in what ways did van der waals modify the ideal gas law

Answer 28

corrected it for the finite volume of the particles

corrected it for the attractions that occur among the particles

Question 29

When a sample of oxygen gas in a closed container of constant volume is heated until it’s absolute temperature is doubled, what else doubles?

Answer 29

The pressure of the gas

Question 29

When a sample of oxygen gas in a closed container of constant volume is heated until it’s absolute temperature is doubled, what else doubles?

Answer 29

The pressure of the gas