Chapters 35-39 Drugs

Question 1

Alendronate

Answer 1

Bisphosphonate drug used for treating osteoporosis and bone pain; inhibit bone resorption by osteoclasts

Question 2

Cortisone

Answer 2

Steroid hormone; main hormone released by the adrenal gland in response to stress; reduces inflammation and pain

Question 3

Dexamethasone

Answer 3

Corticosteroid that treats rheumatic problems, allergies, asthma, etc.; agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor

Question 4

Estradiol

Answer 4

Estrogen steroid hormone and major female sex hormone; involved in regulation of the estrous and menstrual female reproductive cycles; responsible for development of female secondary sexual characteristics; agonist of the estrogen receptor

Question 5

Glipizide

Answer 5

Type 2 diabetes medication; blocks potassium channels -> calcium influx encouraging insulin release from beta cells

Question 6

Glyburide

Answer 6

Type 2 diabetes mellitus medication; binds to and inhibits ATP sensitive potassium channels inhibitory regulatory subunit in pancreatic beta cells

Question 7

Hydrocortisone

Answer 7

Cortisol hormone in oral administration; used in adrenocortical insufficiency, COPD, etc;

Question 8

Metformin

Answer 8

First-line medication for type 2 medication, especially for people overweight; used in treatment of PCOS; mech of action not entirely understood

Question 9

Methimazole

Answer 9

Used to treat hyperthyroidism and Graves disease; inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxidase

Question 10

Prednisolone

Answer 10

Glucocorticoid steroid to treat allergies and inflammations,

Question 11

Progesterone

Answer 11

Endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in menstrual cycle, pregnancy and embryogenesis; also used in menopausal hormone therapy

Question 12

Sildenafil

Answer 12

“Viagra” used to treat erectile dysfunction; blocks phosphodiesterase 5, an enzyme that promotes the breakdown of cGMP

Question 13

Testosterone

Answer 13

Primary male sex hormone and anabolic steroid; development of testes and prostate and promotes secondary sexual characteristics

Question 14

Tolbutamide

Answer 14

Potassium channel blockers used in the management of type 2 diabetes; stimulates secretion of insulin by the pancreas

Question 15

Triamcinolone

Answer 15

Glucocorticoid used to treat skin diseases, allergies and rheumatic disorders; prevent worsening of asthma and COPD

Question 16

Vasopressin

Answer 16

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ; hormone synthesized as a peptide pro hormone in the hypothalamus and converted into arginine vasopressin