Chapters 25-27, 29 Drugs

Question 1

Acetazolamide

Answer 1

Treatment of glaucoma, epilepsy, heart failure; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Question 2

Amiloride

Answer 2

Potassium-sparing diuretic; for hypertension; adjunctive therapy with thiazide or loop diuretics in congestive heart failure; used to restore potassium in hypokalemic patients; prevents hypokalemia

Question 3

Atorvastatin

Answer 3

HMG-CoA enzyme inhibitor type of hypolipidemic drugs; used for the treatment of primary hyperlipidemia and to slow the progression of atherosclerosis

Question 4

Bumetanide

Answer 4

Treatment of swelling and high blood pressure;

Question 5

Candesartan

Answer 5

Angiotensin receptor blocker for the treatment of high blood pressure and congestive heart failure

Question 6

Captopril

Answer 6

ACE inhibitor used for treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure

Question 7

Chlorothiazide

Answer 7

Thiazide diuretic; treatment of edema with mild-moderate hypertension; inhibits sodium transport in the distal portion of the nephron, which causes a substantial loss of Na+ and water

Question 8

Chlorthalidone

Answer 8

Thiazide-like diuretic; treatment of edema with mild-moderate hypertension; inhibits sodium transport in the distal portion of the nephron, which causes a substantial loss of Na+ and water

Question 9

Cholestyramine

Answer 9

Bile acid sequestrate, which binds bile in the GI tract to prevent its reabsorption

Question 10

Colestipol

Answer 10

Bile acid sequestrate used to lower blood cholesterol, specifically LDL

Question 11

Diazoxide

Answer 11

Potent vasodilator with no diuretic activity; used in emergencies when a rapid reduction of blood pressure is essential

Question 12

Dicumarol

Answer 12

Anticoagulant drug that depletes stores of vitamin K; treatment of deep venous thrombosis

Question 13

Ezetimibe

Answer 13

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor; acts at the surface of the small intestine to block absorption of dietary cholesterol; decrease in VLDLs

Question 14

Furosemide

Answer 14

Organic acid/loop diuretics; management of hypertension and acute pulmonary edema

Question 15

Heparin

Answer 15

Anticoagulant drug; prevents thrombin formation by binding to circulating clotting factors

Question 16

Hydralazine

Answer 16

Produces arterial vasodilation, decreased blood pressure and a reduction in after load; formation of nitric oxide; used in common with diuretics and beta blockers (triple therapy)

Question 17

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 17

Thiazide diuretic; treatment of edema with mild-moderate hypertension; inhibits sodium transport in the distal portion of the nephron, which causes a substantial loss of Na+ and water

Question 18

Lovastatin

Answer 18

HMG-CoA enzyme inhibitor type of hypolipidemic drugs; used for the treatment of primary hyperlipidemia and to slow the progression of

Question 19

Mannitol

Answer 19

Osmotic/luminal diuretic; indicated for acute renal failure or in cardiovascular surgeries in which renal function is severely compromised

Question 20

Minoxidil

Answer 20

Potent arteriolar dilator for patients who don’t respond to triple therapy

Question 21

Sodium nitroprusside

Answer 21

Potent vasodilator used in hypertensive emergencies

Question 22

Spironolactone

Answer 22

Potassium-sparing diuretic; for hypertension; adjunctive therapy with thiazide or loop diuretics in congestive heart failure; used to restore potassium in hypokalemic patients; prevents hypokalemia

Question 23

Triamterene

Answer 23

Potassium-sparing diuretic; for hypertension; adjunctive therapy with thiazide or loop diuretics in congestive heart failure; used to restore potassium in hypokalemic patients; prevents hypokalemia