Chapters 26-29 Italy Flashcards by Keryn Octigan

What is the climate in the vineyard regions of Northern Italy?

Moderate climate with dry, short summers

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Where are the vineyards located in Northern Italy?

In Northern Italy, the vineyards are located in the foothills of the Alps and on the extensive plain of the River Po

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How do the Alps affect the climate in Northern Italy?

The Alps form a barrier that shelters the vineyards from rain

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What is Italy’s most northerly wine region?

Alto Adige

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What is the main grape variety grown in Alto Adige?

Pinot Grigio

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What is the red wine grape variety grown in Alto Adige?

Schiava

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What Italian grape variety in Alto Adige?

Light, fruity wine
Low to medium tannins
Raspberries and plums

Schiava

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What appellation are wines labelled under in Alto Adige?

Alto Adige DOC

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Where is Trentino located?

Northern Italy, directly to the South of Alto Adige

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What appellation are wines labelled under in Trentino?

Trentino DOC

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What white grape varieties are planted in Trentino?

Chardonnay

Pinot Grigio

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What black grape varieties are planted in Trentino?

Merlot

Teroldego

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What Italian grape variety in Trentino?

Deep colour
Medium to High tannins
High acidity
Med to full body
Aromas of black fruit

Teroldego

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Where is Friuli-Venezia Giulia located?

Northern Italy’s eastern corner

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Where are vines planted in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

Northerly vineyards are in the foothills of the Alps.

Southerly vineyards are on the flat plain near the Adriatic Sea.

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What white grape varieties are planted in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

Pinot Grigio

Friulano

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What black grape varieties are planted in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

Merlot

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What Italian grape variety in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

Medium to high acidity
medium body
Aromas of pear, red apples and herbs

Friulano

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What are 3 appellations are in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

Friuli-Grave DOC
Collio DOC
Colli Orientali DOC

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Where is the region of Veneto located?

The region of Veneto extends from the southern end of lake Garda in the west to Venice in the east and ranges from the foothills of the Alps in the north to the flat plains of the Po in the south

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In what 2 distinct areas are vines planted in Soave?

Foothills to the north

Flat plain to the south

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What are the 2 best known wine producing regions in Veneto?

Soave

Valpolicella

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What white grape variety is mostly planted in Soave?

Garganega

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What Italian grape variety in Soave?

Medium to high acid
Medium body
Aromas of pears, red apple, stone fruit and white pepper

Garganega

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What appellation are wines from the Soave foothills labelled under?

Soave Classico DOC

Where is Soave located?

Northern Italy, east of Verona

Where is Valpolicella located?

Northern Italy, NW of Verona

What is the type of soil in Veneto?

Limestone and clay with some volcanic rock

What is the main grape variety planted in Valpolicella?

Corvina

What are the 2 methods used in Veneto to increase structure and flavour concentration?

Passito method | Repasso method

What are the 2 types of passito wine in Valpolicella?

Amarone della Valpolicella (dry or off-dry) | Recioto della Valpolicella (sweet)

What are the characteristics of Amarone della Valpolicella?

``` Dry or Off-dry Full bodied High alcohol Medium to high tannins Intensely concentrated red berry and spice flavours Oaked ```

What are the characteristics of Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG?

``` Sweet wine Intense red fruit flavours High alcohol levels Full body Medium to high tannins ```

What is the passito method?

Used in Veneto to add structure and flavour 1. grapes picked early when high in acid 2. dried indoors, concentrating sugars and flavours 3. fermentation occurs during winter months

What is the ripasso method?

Used in Veneto to add structure and flavour 1. just before fermentation is complete in a vat of Amarone della Valpolicella, the skins are removed. 2. skins added to a vat of Valpolicella which has completed fermentation 3. yeast on skins restarts fermentation process, fermenting the sugar which has come across with the skins

What are the characteristics of a Valpolicella Ripassa DOC?

Medium to full bodied Medium to high tannins Stewed red berries and plum flavours

Where is Piemonte located?

Piemonte is located in the north west corner of Italy

What are 3 geographical conditions that impact vineyards in Piemonte?

1. Mountains in the north protect the region from northern winds and precipitation 2. Some moderating influences from the Po river in the south and Lake Maggiore in the north 3. Foothills ranging from 150 to 600m provide different aspects and altitudes

What are the 3 black grape varieties of Piemonte?

Nebbiolo Barbera Dolcetto

What are the 2 white grape varieties of Piemonte?

Cortese | Moscato

What are the 2 most prestigious appellations in Piemonte?

Barolo DOCG | Barbaresco DOCG

What grape variety must Barolo DOCG be made from?

Nebbiolo

Which Italian grape variety in Barolo? Aroma of sour cherries, herbs, dried flowers Full bodied High acidity and tannins Aged for 3 years before release - 18 months must be in oak Benefit from further bottle ageing

Nebbiolo

What Italian grape variety in Barolo? "truffles, tar and leather"

Nebbiolo

Where are the vines planted in Barolo?

Steep south facing slopes

Where are the vines planted in Barbaresco?

Steep south facing slopes at a lower altitude than Barolo

What is the black grape variety of Barbaresco?

Nebbiolo

What are 3 differences between Barbaresco DOCG and Barolo DOCG?

Barbaresco DOCG is less perfumed more fruity aged for 2 yrs (not 3) before release

How are appellations named around Asti and Alba?

After a grape variety followed by their nearest town | eg: Barbera d'Asti DOCG

What black grape variety is most widely planted around Asti and Alba?

Barbera

Where is Gavi located?

Gavi is located in south-eastern Piemonte

What white grape variety is grown in Gavi?

Cortese

Where are the vines planted in Gavi?

On hills where the altitude and sea breezes result in long slow ripening

What Italian grape variety in Gavi? Pale and light bodied High acidity Aromas and flavours of citrus, green apples and pears

Cortese

Name 5 wine growing regions in Central Italy

``` Tuscany Umbria Lazio Marche Abruzzo ```

What are the 3 regions that Tuscany is divided into?

Chianti Southern Tuscany The Coast

What is dominant and most prestigious grape variety planted in Tuscany?

Sangiovese

What is the PDO hierarchy in Chianti?

Chianti DOCG | Chianti + Village DOCG (Chianti Rufina DOCG)

What is the PDO hierarchy in Chianti Classico?

Chianti Classico DOCG - aged 1 yr before release Chianti Classico Reserva DOCG - aged 2 yrs Gran Selezione - single estate, aged 2.5yrs

What is the main difference between Chianti region and Chianti Classico region? What differences are seen in the wine?

Chianti Classico vineyards are planted at higher altitudes Rules regarding maturation and bottle ageing Classico wines have greater acidity and herbal aromas

Name 2 appellations in Southern Tuscany

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG | Vino Nobile de Montepulciano DOCG

Compare the wines from Southern Tuscany to the wines from Chianti What is the difference due to?

Southern Tuscany wines are more intense and fuller bodied. | Warmer climate

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG is made from what grape variety? What percentage? What minimum ageing?

Sangiovese 100% 5 years

What variety of grapes are widely planted in Coastal Tuscany?

A wide variety of International grapes

Which appellation in Coastal Tuscany allows wines to be made entirely from international grapes?

Bolgheri DOC

What is a 'super-Tuscan'?

Red wine produced in Coastal Tuscany Made from International grape varieties Premium price Bottled as Toscana IGT

What is the white wine that Umbria is known for?

Orvieto DOC

What 2 white grape varieties are blended in Orvieto DOC?

Grechetto | Trebbiano

Where is town of Montepulciano? | Where is the grape variety Montepulciano grown?

Tuscany Abruzzo (wine region SW of Tuscany)

Frascati DOC wines are a blend of what 2 grape varieties?

Malvasia | Trebbiano

Describe a Orvieto DOC

Grechetto and Trebbiano Light body High acid Flavours of ripe grapefruit and peaches

Describe a Frascati DOC

``` Malvasia Trebbiano Unoaked Medium body Medium to high acid Citrus fruit, floral orange blossom aromas ```

What white grape variety is used to produce Marche wines?

Verdicchio

Describe a Verdicchio del Castelli di Jesu DOC

High acid Flavours of green apples, lemons Notes of fennel and almond Honey and almond notes with bottle age

What grape variety is Abruzzo famous for?

Montepulciano

Name 4 wine growing regions in Southern Italy?

Campania Basilicata Puglia Sicily

What 2 white grape varieties are grown in Campania?

Fiano | Greco

What is the most prestigious black grape variety of Campania? Name 1 appellation

Aglianico Taurasi DOCG

Name a wine made from the Aglianico grape variety produced in Basilicata

Aglianico del Vulture DOC

What 2 black grape varieties dominate in Puglia?

Negroamaro | Primitivo

What is the dominant black grape variety in Sicily?

Nero d'Avola

Describe a Etna DOC

Nerello Mascalese & Nerello Cappuccio High acid High tannins Aromas of sour red cherries, cranberries, raspberries, dried herbs Mushroom like aromas with age