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Wine Crew > Chapters 17-21 Alsace, Loire Valley, Northern Rhône, Southern Rhône, Southern France > Flashcards

Chapters 17-21 Alsace, Loire Valley, Northern Rhône, Southern Rhône, Southern France Flashcards

1
Q

What is the climate of Alsace?

A

Cool to moderate continental climate

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2
Q

What impacts the climate of Alsace?

A

The Vosges Mountains protect the region from westerly rain bearing winds, resulting in sunny summers and dry autumns.

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3
Q

What is the type of soil in Alsace?

A

Very varied

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4
Q

What 4 grape varieties are grown in Alsace?

A

Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinto Gris
Muscat

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5
Q

In Alsace, what are termed the noble varieties?

A

Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinto Gris
Muscat

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6
Q

True or False?

The majority of Alsatian wines are made from blends

A

False

The vast majority of Alsatian wines are made from a single grape variety

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7
Q

In Alsace, blended wines made from juice that was not selected for varietal wines are called what?

A

Edelzwicker
or
Gentil

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8
Q

When does bottling occur most commonly in Alsace?

A

In the spring following the vintage

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9
Q

In Alsace, what are the 2 principal appellations?

A

Alsace

Alsace Grand Cru

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10
Q

In Alsace, what 2 classifications are used to indicate the sugar ripeness of grapes?

A 
Vendages Tardives (VT)
Sélection de grains nobles (SGN)
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11
Q

In Alsace, when a grape variety appears on the label, what percentage of the grapes used must be from the named variety?

A

100%

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12
Q

In Alsace, what are the 4 rules for a Grand Cru appellation?

A

Wine must be produced from a single noble grape variety

Label must state the name of the vineyard, vintage and grape variety

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13
Q

What does Vendages Tardives mean?

A

Late Harvest

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14
Q

In Alsace, which classification is used for grapes with higher sugar ripeness: VT or SGN?

A

Sélection de Grains Nobles (SGN)

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15
Q

In Alsace, what grape variety is the most widely planted?

A

Riesling

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16
Q

In Alsace, what are the characteristics os a good quality riesling?

A 
Medium to full bodied
Dry with medium alcohol
High acid
Citrus and stone fruit aromas
Pronounced stone or steely character
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17
Q

Do German or Alsatian rieslings show more floral character in general?

A

German

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18
Q

Which Alsace grape variety?

Pungent aromatic spicy nose reminiscent of lychees, roses and sweet baking spices.
Some wines have a golden colour
Full bodied, rich oily texture
Low to medium acidity
High alcohol
A

Gewurztraminer

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19
Q

In Alsace, what are the aroma characteristics of Gewurztraminer?

A

Pungent aromatic spicy nose reminiscent of lychees, roses and sweet baking spices

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20
Q

Which Alsace grape variety?

Medium to full bodied
Dry with medium alcohol
High acid
Citrus and stone fruit aromas
Pronounced stone or steely character
A

Riesling

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21
Q

Which Alsace grape variety?

Rich, full bodied, oil texture
High in alcohol
Fresh and dried fruit flavours
Ripe, tropical fruit flavours
Honeyed or ginger character
A

Pinot Gris

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22
Q

In Alsace, what are the characteristics of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

A

Intensely aromatic
Flavours of orange blossom, rose and grape
Light to medium body
low to medium acidity

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23
Q

What are the 2 Muscat varieties grown in Alsace?

A

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

Muscat Ottonel

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24
Q

Which of the 2 Muscat varieties grown in Alsace is more widely planted and why?

A

Muscat Ottonel can be relied on to crop more regularly

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains is prone to poor fruit set and rot.

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25
Where are the best vineyards located in Alsace?
The steepest slopes with the east and south-east aspects
26
In Alsace, where are the grapes grown for the production of Crémant d'Alsace?
The plain between the Vosges foothills and the Rhine.
27
What are the flavour and aroma characteristics of an Alsatian Pinot Gris?
``` Dry or off dry Oily texture Ripe, tropical fruit flavours Hint of ginger or honey Golden in appearance ```
28
What is the only black grape permitted in Alsace?
Pinot Noir
29
What are the 4 sub regions of the Loire Valley
East to West Central Vineyards Touraine Anjou-Saumur Nantais
30
What 3 white grape varieties are grown in the Loire Valley?
Sauvignon Blanc Chenin Blanc Melon Blanc
31
What are the 2 most prestigious appellations in the Central Vineyards of the Loire Valley
Sancerre | Pouilly-Fumé
32
White Touraine is made from what grape variety?
Sauvignon Blanc
33
Describe a high end Pouilly-Fumé
``` Sauvignon Blanc Dry High Acidity Green Apple and wet stones Subtle smokey notes ```
34
In which Loire Valley region is the majority of Sauvignon Blanc grown?
Touraine
35
Chenin Blanc is responsible for great white wines in which 2 Loire Valley regions?
Touraine | Anjou-Saumur
36
Chenin Blanc can be made into what styles of wine?
Sweet Dry Still Sparkling
37
Vouvray wines are made from what grape variety?
Chenin Blanc
38
What styles of wine are produced in Vouvray?
Still wines, Dry and Sweet | Dry Sparkling wines
39
What 5 appellations in the Loire Valley are known for their production of Chenin Blanc wines?
``` Vouvray Saumur Anjou Savennières Coteaux du Layon ```
40
Saumur wines are made from what grape variety? | What style of wine?
Chenin Blanc Sparkling
41
Anjou wines are made from what grape variety? | What style of wine?
Chenin Blanc Dry still wine
42
Savennières wines are made from what grape variety? | What style of wine?
Chenin Blanc Full bodied, dry still wine
43
Coteaux du Layon wines are made from what grape variety? | What style of wine?
Chenin Blanc Sweet wines produced by noble rot
44
What is another name for Melon Blanc?
Muscadet
45
In which Loire Valley region is the majority of Melon Blanc grown?
Nantais
46
Describe a Muscadet
``` Melon Blanc Dry Medium alcohol High acidity Light body Subtle green fruit flavours ```
47
What is the difference between a Muscadet and a Muscadet Sur Lie
Muscadet Sur Lie is bottled the spring following harvest having spent the winter on lees Has a richer texture
48
Name 2 appellations that produce Melon Blanc wines
Muscadet | Muscadet Sèvre et Maine
49
What 2 red grape varieties are grown in the Loire Valley?
Cabernet Franc | Gamay
50
Why is Cabernet Franc well suited to the Loire Valley?
Flowers and ripens early | Can be made in a range of styles dependant on climate, soil and winemaking techniques
51
What 3 appellations in the Loire Valley are known for their production of Cabernet Franc wines?
Chinon Bourgueil Saumur-Champigny
52
Where is Rosé produced in the Loire Valley?
Anjou-Saumur Touraine Sancerre
53
In order to be labelled Rosé de Loire, what percentage of what grape variety(s) must be in the blend?
At least 30% of Cabernet Franc and/or Cabernet Sauvignon
54
What is the difference between Cabernet d'Anjou and Rosé d'Anjou?
Both Rosé Cabernet d'Anjou is medium sweet, made from Cab Sauvignan and Cab Franc Rosé d'Anjou is less sweet, made from Grolleau (local black grape)
55
Where are the vineyards located in the Northern Rhône?
Steep slopes next to the river Rhône between Vienne and Valence
56
What is the climate of the Northern Rhône?
Moderate and continental, similar to Beaujolais
57
In the Northern Rhône, what is the 'mistral'?
Cold north winds. | Vineyards can be protected from these by the narrow steep slopes
58
What is the only black grape variety in the Northern Rhone?
Syrah
59
What 3 white grape varieties are grown in the Northern Rhône?
Viogner Marsanne Roussanne
60
Describe the characteristics of a Viogner
``` Full bodied, white wine Low acidity High alcohol Perfumed aromas of blossom and apricots Flavours of stone fruits ```
61
Describe a blend made from Marsanne and Roussanne
Marsanne adds richness and weight Roussanne adds acidity and perfumed fruit Develop hazelnut aromas with age
62
Name 6 appellations of the Northern Rhône
``` Côte Rôtie Condrieu Saint-Joseph Hermitage Crozes-Hermitage Cornas ```
63
Describe a high end Côte Rôtie
``` Red wine Syrah + up to 20% Viogner (normally low%) Deeply coloured Full body Spicy Aromatic floral freshness ```
64
What kind of wine is a Condrieu?
White wine 100% Viogner
65
Name 4 black grape varieties grown in the Southern Rhône
Grenache - spiced red fruit flavours Syrah - colour & tannin Mourvèdre - Black fruit flav, meaty aromas Cinsault - red fruit flavours
66
What is the main grape variety planted in the Southern Rhône?
Grenache
67
What is the generic appellation for wines produced in the Rhône Valley?
Côtes du Rhône
68
Name 5 appellations of the Southern Rhône
``` Châteauneuf-de-Pape Tavel Lirac Gigondas Vaqueyras ```
69
Which 2 Southern Rhône crus are known for their Rosé?
Tavel | Lirac
70
Which Southern Rhône cru only produces Rosé?
Tavel
71
What makes Southern France ideal for grape growing?
Warm Mediterranean climate Mild winters Low rainfall
72
What 2 winds impact the climate of Southern France?
Mistral | Tramontane
73
What 7 black grape varieties are planted in Southern France?
``` Syrah Cabernet Sauvignon Grenache Carignan - Large yields Cinsault - rosé blends, red fruit flavours Mourvèdre - richness, colour, complexity Merlot ```
74
What are the 3 broad wine producing areas in Southern France?
Languedoc Roussillon Provence
75
What is the best known, local white grape variety grown in Southern France?
Picpoul
76
What are the 3 main white grape varieties gown in Southern France?
Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc Viogner
77
Describe a Côtes de Provence Rosé
Pale in colour Light body Dry Delicate flavours of grapefruit and red fruit
78
Name 5 appellations of Southern France
``` Languedoc Côtes du Roussillon Fitou Corbières Minervois ```
79
What is the most important AOC vineyard in Provence?
Bandol
80
Describe a Bandol red wine
``` Mourvèdre based Full bodied Dark colour Powerful tannins Bramble, meat, liquorice- spice flavours with age ```

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