Chapters 22-25 Germany, Austria, Tokaj & Greece Flashcards
What is the most widely planted grape variety in Germany?
Riesling
In Germany, what are the 2 terms used to indicate must weight at harvest?
Qualitätsweine
Prädikatsweine
What is the difference between wines labelled Qualitätsweine and Prädikatsweine?
Qualitätsweine is dry (red or white)
Prädikatsweine has some residual sugar but may be made in a dry style (white)
What are the 6 Prädikatsweine categories?
Kabinett Spätlese Auslese Beerenauslese Eiswein Trockenbeerenauslese
Describe a high end Kabinett Riesling
Light body
High acid
Flavours of green apple or citrus fruit balanced with residual sugar
Sweet style abv 8-9% (Fermentation stopped early)
Dry style abv 12%
Noble rot plays a part in wines labelled which Prädikatsweine categories?
Auslese - sometimes
Beerenauslese - Typically
Trockenbeerenauslese - Essential
Describe a Trockenbeerenauslese Riesling
Sweet
Low in alcohol
Flavours of honey, dried stone fruit, candied peel and flowers
In Germany, besides Riesling, what other 2 white grape varieties are planted?
Müller-Thurgau
Silvaner
Müllar-Thurgau is a crossing of which 2 grape varieties?
Riesling
Madeleine-Royale
In Germany, what are the 2 black grape varieties?
Spätburgunder
Dornfelder
Dry Qualitätsweine wines made from the best vineyard sites are labelled as what?
Grosses Gewächs (GG)
Bunch of grapes embossed on the bottle neck
Name 3 villages in Mosel that have a reputation for producing top quality wine
Piesport
Bernkastel
Wehlen
What are the 7 wine regions in Germany?
Mosel Nahe Rheingau Rheinhessen Pfalz Baden Franken
What is the largest vine growing region in Germany?
Rheinhessen
What village in Rheinhessen produces full bodied Rieslings?
Nierstein
What region has a reputation for producing top quality Spätburgunder?
Baden
In Austria, what is the most widely planted white grape variety?
Grüner Veltliner
What are the 3 main white grape varieties planted in Austria?
Grüner Veltliner
Welschriesling
Riesling
Describe a high end Grüner Veltliner
High acid
Full body
Flavours of citrus & stone fruit & hints of white pepper when young
Honey & toast as the wine ages
Are Welschriesling and Riesling the same grape variety?
NO
Welschriesling is used to produce what 2 styles of wine?
Dry still white wine
High quality sweet dessert wine
What are the 3 main black varieties planted in Austria?
Zweigelt
Blaufränkisch
St Laurent
Zweigelt is a crossing made from which 2 grape varieties
Blaufränkisch and St Laurent
Describe a high end Blaufränkisch
High acid
Medium tannins
Peppery, sour cherry flavour
Most highly regarded of the black Austrian grapes
In Austria, what term is used for PGI wines?
Landwein
In Austria, what are the 2 terms used for PDO wines?
Qualistätswein
DAC
How many grape varieties are allowed to be used in the production of a Qualistätswein?
35
What 3 criteria must be agreed on for a region to be awarded DAC status?
Grape variety
Style of wine
Set of wine making regulations
Austrian wine labelling laws apply to how many federal states and smaller areas?
4 federal states (all Qualistätswein)
16 smaller areas (7 Qualistätswein, 9 DAC)
In Austria, what are the 2 Prädikat levels?
Ausbruch - medium sweet
Strohwein or Schiffwein - sweet
How is sugar concentrated in the grapes for the production of Strohwein?
Bunches of grapes are laid out on beds of straw or reeds during the winter
In Austria, what are the 4 federal states for PDO wines?
Niederösterreich (Lower Austria)
Burgenland
Stelermark (Styria)
Wien (Vienna)
What is the largest wine producing region in Austria?
Niederösterreich (Lower Austria)
What is the most renowned sub-region in Niederösterreich (Lower Austria)?
For what style of wines?
Wachau
Dry white wines from either Grüner Veltliner or Riesling
Where are the premium vineyards located in Niederösterreich (Lower Austria)?
Steep, south facing terraces
Next to the Danube river
What is the largest vine growing area in Niederösterreich (Lower Austria)?
Weinviertel DAC
What grape variety must be used in wine produced by Weinviertel DAC?
Grüner Veltliner
What are the 2 levels of wines produced by Weinviertel DAC?
Klassik - light, fresh, no oak
Reserve - Oak maturation & higher minimum alcohol
In Austria, what 2 styles of wines are predominantly produced in Burgenland?
Still red wines
Top quality sweet wines
In Austria, what natural geographical conditions are relied on for the production of sweet wines?
Neusiedlersee is a vast shallow lake,
Vines for sweet wine production are located on the low lying ground near the lake
Autumn mists that come from the lake provide ideal conditions for Botrytis
In Austria, what grape is most widely used to produce Botrytis affected sweet wines?
Welschriesling
In Austria, where do the best quality red wines come from?
Burgenland
Vines planted either away from the Neusiedlersee lake or on hills to the south of the lake
Where is Tokaji produced?
North-East Hungary
Foothills of the Carpathain Mountains
Close to Slovakian border
What is the climate of Tokaj?
Moderate
What are the 3 principal grape varieties used in the making of Tokaji?
What characteristics do they contribute?
Furmint - high acid, apple flavours when young, nuts and honey with age
Hárslevelu - perfume
Sárga Muskotály - aromatics
What is the name used in Tokaj for Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains?
Sárga Muskotály
In Hungary, what term is used to refer to ‘rotten’ grapes?
Aszú
In Hungary, what is term used to describe bunches of grapes partially affected by noble rot?
Szamorodni - as it comes
Tokaji Szamorodni is produced in what 2 wine styles?
Dry - száraz
Sweet - édes
Describe the production of Tokaji Aszú
Healthy grapes used to make base wine
Before, during or after fermentation, aszú berries macerated in base wine (12-60hrs)
Pressed
Oak maturation
What is the unit used to describe the level of sweetness in Aszú wines?
Puttony
Describe a Classic Tokaji
Deep amber colour
High acidity
Intense aromas & flavours of orange peel, apricots and honey
Historically, what was the minimum amount of residual sugar in a Tokaji Aszú?
What will the new 2013 laws raise it to, if passed?
60g/L
120g/L
Historically, how was the residual sugar rated in a Tokaji Aszú ?
On a scale of 3-6 puttonyos
Historically, what label was given to the sweetest wines in the Aszú category?
Aszú Eszencia
If the new 2013 labelling laws are passed, what wine will carry the Aszú Eszencia label?
Wines that are produced from the free run juice of Aszú berries
How will the minimum Aszú ageing requirements change if the 2013 laws are passed?
Now - 24 months in oak
Released in the 4th year after harvest
New - 18 months in oak
Released in the 3rd year after harvest
What is the legal minimum residual sugar in a Tokaji Aszú?
What is the alcohol content?
450g/L
Less than 5%
What is the climate of Greece?
Hot mediterranean
What are the 3 Greek PDO wines that have the highest international reputation?
Naoussa PDO
Nemea PDO
Santorini PDO
The red wines in Naoussa PDO are made exclusively from what grape variety?
Xinomavro
The red wines in Nemea PDO are made exclusively from what grape variety?
Agiorgitiko
What vine training method is used in Santorini to protect the grapes from the high winds
Permanent wood is trained very low into a basket shape.
fruit grows on the inside
What grape variety is used in Santorini to produce dry and sweet white wines?
Assyrtiko
