Chapters 20-21 Flashcards
What states left in January 1861
South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas
What was formed as a result of the southern states succession
Confederate States of America
Who was the president of the CSA
Jefferson Davis
What states had joined the CSA by May 20th
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennesse, North Carolina
When was Lincoln;s first inaugeral address
March 4, 1861
Lincoln’s duty as the newly-elected president was to treat succession as an
act of rebellion
Lincoln’s duty as the newly-elected president was to treat succession as not a
legitimate political action.
Where was Fort Sumner
Charleston, South Carolina
Lincoln dispatched a ____ _____ with supplies around the time of Fort Sumner
relief ship
What date was southern fire opened on fort sumner
april 12, 1861
Who was the General that gave commands to open fire on fort sumner
General
P.G.T.Beauregard
What was Lincoln’s response to Fort Sumner
called for militia (for
3 months) to suppress the rebellion and then
proclaimed a blockade of rebel ports in the South.
How many militia did Lincoln call for at first
75,000
Allen
Infantry militia
Captain Thomas Yeager
Medal of Honor recipient
Ignatz Gresser,
A matter of concern to
the Lincoln
government.
Border slave states
Declaration of war to
_______ the union
“slave”
These border states remained loyal to the Union
Deleware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri
How many people were in the north
22 million
average of white men military age in the north
3/1
avergae of male slaves military age in the south
1/3
how many slaves were in the south
9 million
over _____% of the nation’s manufacturing
90
North had diverse __Z___, which was able to greatly expand (includes
the West)
agriculture
(/ the nation’s wealth) U.S. _____)
3/4, Mint
(/ railroad)
2/3
Northern Advantages
Population Manufactring diverse Agriculture capital Wealth Trasportation systems civillian Shipping Navy Aresnal centralized government
nearly all civilian ______ and most of the _____ (control of the
sea) (access to oversea markets)
shipping, navy
centralized________ structure was already in place (Arsenal)
public property
government
Southern Advantages
familiar, vast geographic area
• King Cotton, British export
• strong military tradition (handling guns and horses)
(well trained)
• most talented and educated officers (Lee)
• Defensive strategy
• Did not need victory, only a draw
• Five Civilized Tribes
• Davis was over worked, creating a new government
system
• Foreign intervention never came (Britain)
What date did Bull Run occur
July 21, 1861
Where did bull run occur near
Manassas Junction, VA
General -in-Chief _______ _______
advanced on the South before
adequately training his
inexperienced troops
Winfield Scott
Who won Bull Run
CSA
Why did the CSA win
9,000 back up troops came
Who commanded the CSA
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
What did Bull Run show the north and south
Showed the North and
South alike that the war is
very real and bloody
What did Union troops and spectators do at Bull Run when the CSA was approaching victory
retreated
who did Lincoln appoint army head after Bull Run
George McClellan
What did the east do in McClellans 3 pronged plan
attack richmond
What did the west do in McClellans 3 pronged plan
Drive the CSA from the
Mississippi and Tennessee
Rive valleys in an attempt to
cut the CSA in two.
what did the south do in McClellans plan
blockade the coast to cut
supply lines with Europe.
• Exhaust Southern resources
the Souths plan was also known as an ________ plan
anacodnda
The conflict between the
_______ and _________
changed Naval warfare
forever.
Moniter and Merrimack
The Moniter and Merrimack made these types of ships obsolete in naval warfare
wooden
Ships were driven by _______
rather than wind.
steam
wooden ships with
iron plate armor—were used
ironclads
the
process of smuggling
materials through the
blockade.
blockade running
The ________ was captured by the
CSA
merrimack
The USS Merrimac changed it’s name to the ___ ________
CSS Virginia
what date did the Merriac vs. Moniter ensue
March 9, 1862
descirbe the events of the Merrimac vs. Moniter
the biggest CSA threat came to the Union when CSS Virginia threatened to break the Union blockade, the USS Monitor arrived in time to save the blockade from the CSA.
date of battle of Antietam
September 17, 1862
location of Battle of Ant.
Sharpsburg, MD
Since Antietam was at one point the bloodiest battle of the war, how many people died
over 22,500
Who won Antietam
Union
How did the Union possibly win Antietam
Union troops found a copy
of Lee’s battle plans
Why did Lincoln fire McCleanen
too cautious. he did not take enough action on the first day
Antietam led to Lincoln announceing
the emancipation of slaves
when was the emancipation proclamation given
January 1, 1863
the em. am. was based on
military necessity
It freed slaves in areas in
______ but not in areas
controlled by the _____.
rebellion…….union
Was a slave automatically freed after the em am
no
After the em am, the wars purpose now took a ______ tone
moral tone
effects of antietam
Halted Lee’s bold invasion of the North
Provided Lincoln with the victory he needed to
announce the Emancipation Proclamation
Prevented England and France from lending
support to the Confederacy
The Proclamation allows African Americans to
enlist in the Union army and navy, hope to
end discrimination.
The 54th Massachusetts
first African
American regiment.
the 54th Massachusetts
Fredricksberg took place on
December 13, 1862
Fredricksberg intoduced new union general
A.E. Burnside
Fredricksberg took place in
Fredricksberg, VA
Burnside launched this type of attack at Fredricksburg
an insane frontal
attack
how many northern soldiers were killed at Fredricksburg
10,000 northern soldiers
killed
WHat is fredricksburg nicknames
“Burnside’s Slaughter
Pen”
Who replaced A.E. Burnside after Fredricksburg
Joe Hooker
Who won Fredricksburg
Confederate
Where was Chancellorsville
Chancellorsville, VA
When was Chancellorsville
May 2-4, 1863
________
defeated by Lee’s smaller
forces at Chancellorsville
“Fighting Joe” Hooker
killed by his own picket
line at Chancellorsville
Stonewall Jackson
What did Robert E. Lee say in response to Jackson’s death at Chancellorsville
“ Jackson has lost his left
arm, but I have lost my
right”
Who won Chancellorsville
Confederate
When was Gettysburg
July 1-3, 1863
Gettysburg was the _____ _____ of the war
The turning point of the war
Lee invaded the _____, hoping to take _______ and
attack ________ from the ______
north, Washington, Harrisburg, north
Lee clashed with _____ _________ ________ Union troops by
accident in a battle that lasted _____ days
Gen. George Meade’s
three
Union casualties of Gettsburg
23,000 casualties, more than 1⁄4 of the army
Confederate casualities of Gettysberg
28,000 men killed, wounded or missing, more than 1/3 of
Lee’s army
date of Gettysberg address
11/19/1863
In the Gettysburg Address (11/19/1863), Lincoln stresses
_____ ______
In the Gettysburg Address (11/19/1863), Lincoln stresses
national unity
date of Vicksburg
July 4, 1863
location of Gettysburg
Gettysburg, PA
location of Vicksburg
Vicksburg, Mississippi
How long did Vicksburg last
6 weeks
After a 6 week siege, _____ army captures
Vicksburg
Grant’s
_________ _________ was now in Union
control, cutting off Confederate supplies to
the ________
Mississippi RIver was now in Union
control, cutting off Confederate supplies to
the West
The CSA is cut in ____ at last
The CSA is cut in two at last
Lincoln appoints _______ _ ______
commander of the Union army
Lincoln appoints Ulysses S. Grant
commander of the Union army
When and where was Sherman’s march to the sea
September, 1864, Atlanta,
Georgia
Sherman captures _____ and
led a_____ mile march to
the sea, ending at
______ (__/__/_____)
He captures Atlanta and
led a 300 mile march to
the sea, ending at
Savannah (12/21/1864)
His attacks on _____
______ ___ ______ mark
a turning point in the
history of _______ ________
His attacks on civilian
centers of population mark
a turning point in the
history of modern warfare
It
changed warfare forever!
“TOTAL WAR”
Date of Appomatix Courthouse
April 10, 1865
Lee refused to see ___ ______
suffer any further, he
surrenders to Grant at
_______ ____ _______
Lee refused to see his troops
suffer any further, he
surrenders to Grant at
Appomattox Court House
______ ______ was captured
in ____ a month later and
imprisoned
Jefferson Davis was captured
in GA a month later and
imprisoned
date and location of Lincoln’s assasination
April 15, 1865, Ford’s
Theatre
the assasin of Lincoln
John Wilkes Booth,
The South \_\_\_\_\_\_ at first news of Lincoln's death, until they realized the treatment they endured during \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ without his leadership.
The South cheered at first, until they realized the treatment they endured during Reconstruction without his leadership.
date of 13th ammendment ratification
December 6, 1865
13th Amendment was
ratified to abolish _______.
slavery
death over all in Civil War
over
600,000 people.
Southern economy was
________, many were
_______ and _______.
Southern economy was
devastated, many were
homeless and jobless.
Northern economy
_______ and ______
Northern economy
prospered and grew.
_____ was no longer
legal anywhere!
Slavery
