Chapters 14-15 Multiple Choice Questions Flashcards
The primary motive for European exploration during the Renaissance was
a. social, to relieve the population pressure on Europe.
b. religious, to spread the Gospel.
c. psychological, the quest for new experiences to transform a dull existence.
d. military, to provide new bases for an army.
e. economic, the desire for precious metals and new areas for trade.
e.
The Italian merchant whose tales of the court of Kublai Khan popularized China in Europe was
a. Daniel Defoe.
b. Amerigo Vespucci.
c. Marco Polo.
d. Leonardo Bruni.
e. Jacques Cour.
c.
The religious crusading motive for exploration was strongest in
a. Spain and Portugal.
b. Florence and Venice.
c. the Byzantine Empire.
d. England and Scotland.
e. France and the Low Countries.
a.
The Pole Star as a navigational device was useless
a. in the Western Hemisphere.
b. north of the equator.
c. south of the equator.
d. in the north Pacific Ocean.
e. in North America.
c.
Prince Henry the Navigator established the first school for mariners at his court in
a. France.
b. Portugal.
c. Spain.
d. Amsterdam.
e. Naples.
b.
Portugal became the early leader in European expansion largely through
a. direct trade policies with China.
b. defeating Muslim opposition in establishing trade opportunities with India.
c. spending all its wealth on ships and manpower.
d. winning the race of exploration to the New World.
e. defeating the Spanish and becoming the first European nation to colonize Africa.
b.
The sea captain who first made a sea voyage directly from Europe to India was
a. Bartholomeu Dias.
b. Ferdinand Magellan.
c. Francis Drake.
d. Vasco da Gama.
e. Amerigo Vespucci
d.
In the 1440s, among the first profits the Portuguese derived from their maritime exploration and returning ships came from the sale of
a. silver.
b. copper.
c. pepper.
d. precious stones.
e. African slaves.
e.
The development of a Portuguese maritime empire encompassing Malacca and the Malay Peninsula was achieved, in part, through
a. ruthless and murderous attacks on Arab settlers in the region.
b. the negotiation of four commercial treaties with Arab traders.
c. scrupulous business practices with local residents.
d. massive bribery to local Arab overlords.
e. peaceful diplomacy between equals.
a.
Spanish expansion and exploration of the New World was best exemplified by
a. the first circumnavigation of the globe by Amerigo Vespucci.
b. the conquest of the Aztec Empire by Cortés.
c. the conquest of the Incas by Magellan.
d. Pizarro’s rounding of South America in 1519.
e. da Gama’s arrival in India in 1498.
b.
John Cabot, a Venetian, sailed for
a. France.
b. Venice.
c. Spain.
d. Portugal.
e. England.
e.
The first known circumnavigation of the earth is associated with
a. Amerigo Vespucci.
b. Ferdinand Magellan.
c. John Cabot.
d. Christopher Columbus.
e. Vasco da Gama.
b.
The Treaty of Tordesillas divided
a. the Spice Islands between Portugal and the Dutch Republic.
b. South Africa between the English and the Dutch.
c. the New World between Spain and Portugal.
d. the North Atlantic between England and France.
e. the South Pacific between Spain and the Dutch Republic.
c.
The Mesoamerica civilization which existed at the time of European exploration was the
a. Maya.
b. Inca.
c. Toltec.
d. Aztec.
e. Zapotec.
d.
The major European disease that resulted in high rates of mortality among the natives of the New World was
a. syphilis.
b. yellow fever.
c. smallpox.
d. scurvy.
e. avian flu.
c.
Encomienda were
a. a Spanish system devised to collect tribute from natives and to use their labor.
b. Spanish officials who supervised local industries
c. taxes levied on the colonists by the Spanish government.
d. a hybrid tortilla made partly from maize and partly from wheat flower.
e. mission schools set up to educate the Indians.
a.
The Aztec empire, which Cortez conquered in 1519, was located
a. in the Peruvian Andes.
b. on Cuba.
c. in central Mexico.
d. in southern Florida.
e. on the Yucatan Peninsula.
c.
The conquistador who conquered and looted the Inca Empire in 1531 was
a. Cortez.
b. de Soto.
c. Coronado.
d. de las Casas.
e. Pizarro.
e.
- The major critic of the Spanish treatment of the American natives was
a. Bartolome de Las Casas.
b. Hernan Cortez.
c. Alfonso de Albuquerque.
d. Ignatius Loyola.
e. Pope Paul III.
a.
The European nation that established a settlement at Africa’s Cape of Good Hope was
a. Spain.
b. Portugal.
c. England.
d. France.
e. the Dutch Republic.
e.
Native Americans were not widely used as slaves on sugar plantations because
a. the Church condemned slavery as immoral.
b. they couldn’t learn European languages.
c. their populations were too small due to European diseases.
d. they were lazy and shiftless and refused to work.
e. they fought back too well and too often to be profitable.
c.
Between the sixteenth and the nineteenth centuries, the number of African slaves shipped to the New World is estimated at
a. one million.
b. two million.
c. five million.
d. ten million.
e. twenty-five million.
d.
The African slave trade
a. had little impact upon the number of wars in Africa.
b. reduced the number of wars in Africa because all the African states united against the European slavers.
c. increased the number of wars in Africa because of the increasing demand for prisoners who could be sold as slaves.
d. died out with the discovery of the South Asian Spice Islands.
e. was carried out peacefully as wars or violence would reduce the number of slaves and thus profits.
c.
Portugal’s handicap in its attempt to dominate Southeast Asian trade was that
a. Portugal was too far away.
b. the kingdom was too small, lacking a sufficient population to govern an empire.
c. it was too religious.
d. the Portuguese were satisfied by their control of Brazil, which brought more wealth.
e. it was conquered by France and was incorporated into that kingdom for a long period.
b.
The European nation that took over the spice trade from Portugal was
a. Venice.
b. England.
c. Spain.
d. France.
e. the Dutch Republic.
e.
The mainland states of Southeast Asia had better success in resisting European encroachment than did the Spice Islands and Malay states because
a. they had greater natural resources desired by the Europeans.
b. they were more cohesive politically with strong monarchies.
c. the Europeans were not aware of their existence.
d. they were Christians, and the Europeans never bothered their fellow Christians.
e. they were allied to China, which gave them military support against the Europeans.
b.
India’s Mughal dynasty was
a. Hindu in religion.
b. Buddhist in religion.
c. Mongol in origin.
d. successful in expelling the British East India Company.
e. long native to the Indian subcontinent.
c.
The major western rival to the British in India in the seventeenth century was
a. Portugal.
b. France.
c. Spain.
d. the Netherlands.
e. Russia.
b.
The British East India Company official who fought off the French threat in India was
a. Lord Macartney.
b. Sir Robert Clive.
c. Sir Robert Walpole.
d. Lord Byron.
e. Lord Amherst
b.
The local British population in India’s Fort William was imprisoned in the
a. “bilious swamp of Madras.”
b. “icy Ajanta caves.”
c. “black hole of Calcutta.”
d. “Red Fort of the Mughals.”
e. “swampy sink of Purdah.”
c.
The European nation that had the first direct contact with China since Marco Polo was
a. Portugal.
b. Spain.
c. the Dutch Republic.
d. Russia.
e. England.
a.
The first European nation to establish formal diplomatic relations with China was
a. England.
b. Russia.
c. the Dutch.
d. Venice.
e. Portugal.
b.
The Chinese dynasty which replaced the Ming in the seventeenth century and which came from Manchuria was the
a. Tang.
b. Song.
c. Yuan.
d. Qin.
e. Qing.
e.
Which empire was described as “an old, crazy, first-rate man of war” but because of incompetent leadership was destined to be “dashed to pieces on the shore”?
a. the British Empire
b. the Spanish Empire
c. the Chinese Empire
d. the Russian Empire
e. the Ottoman Empire
c.
In Japan, Tokugawa Ieyasu
a. expelled all missionaries.
b. invited Protestant missionaries to visit.
c. executed all missionaries.
d. converted to Catholicism.
e. invited French Catholic missionaries to stay.
a.
When the Potosi mines in Peru opened in 1545
a. the price of silver plummeted for two decades.
b. European migrants flooded into Peru to get jobs in the mines.
c. the English fought and lost a war to capture the mines.
d. the cost of precious metals imported into Europe quadrupled.
e. none of the above.
d.
The first permanent English settlement in North America was
a. Massachusetts Bay.
b. Plymouth.
c. New York.
d. Jamestown.
e. Quebec.
d.
A Mercator projection
a. is a rough estimate of future profits.
b. is the shape cast on a map by the light of the moon traveling through stained glass.
c. shows the true shape of landmasses in a limited area on a map.
d. shows the true shape of bodies of water in a limited area on a map.
e. none of the above.
c.
One of the major economic problems of the sixteenth century in Europe was
a. deflation.
b. inflation.
c. stagflation.
d. depression.
e. a population decline which led to massive unemployment.
b.
The inflation of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries
a. severely hampered commercial expansion.
b. caused a shift in industry to urban locales.
c. caused a decline in the standard of living for wage earners and those on fixed incomes.
d. was caused largely by a declining labor force.
e. was the result of too little money in circulation.
c.
