Chapter 12 Questions and Answers/Multiple Choice Flashcards
Describe the rebirth that occurred during the Italian Renaissance.
It was a rebirth of antiquity or Greco-Roman civilization, marking a new age.
Who was affected most by the Renaissance?
The upper class.
What was the struggle Italian merchants encountered with sea routes after the plague?
Italian merchants encountered an increasingly powerful Hanseatic League of Merchants.
What was the cause for the Hanseatic Leagues decline?
The hanseatic league was unable to compete with the developing larger territorial states.
Why did the Italian city states not suffer from the competitive advantages of the ever-growing and more powerful national territorial states until the 16th century?
Transatlantic discoveries gave more importance to the states along the coast.
Which industries had begun to recover and expand in Florence during the 15th century?
The woolen industry recovered while the silk, glassware, and handwork items expanded.
Who was the Medici Family?
The Medici family was the greatest banking family in the 15th century.
Analyze the social changes in the Renaissance.
Social structures from the middle ages were inherited from the middle ages. Three estates now existed: 1) 1st-clergy, 2nd)- nobles, and 3rd)- peasants and townspeople
Why was slavery introduced in Italy?
The black death had caused shortage in workers so slavery was introduced in a fairly large scale.
Why was marriage important to families of Renaissance Italy?
Marriage was a way for families to acquire wealth and a higher social statuses.
What is the difference between the number of children the wealthy women had versus the number of children poor women had?
Wealthy women could afford wet nurses to take care of their children. This allowed wealthy women to get pregnant faster and have more children. While poor women had to take care of their own children they could not reproduce as fast.
Analyze the marital relationships in Renaissance.
Since marriages were usually arranged, deep emotional attachment was overlooked and these unions were purely formal ties.
What were the five major states that dominated the Italian peninsula during the 15th century?
Milan, Florence, Venice, the Papal States, and Naples.
Who were the families that ruled the independent city-states of Mantua, Ferrara, and Urbino?
The Gonzaga lords ruled Mantua, the D’Estes family ruled Ferrara, and the Montefeltro dynasty ruled Urbino.
Who was Federigo da Montefeltro?
A well-educated, warrior prince; Urbino
became a well-known cultural and intellectual center under his rule.
How was the role of women perceived in Renaissance Italy?
Women like Isabelle D’Este were highly respected when they ruled in their husbands absences.
Who was Niccolo’ Machiavelli?
Preoccupied by political power, he wrote The Prince, which was one of the most famous treatise on political power in the western world.
What were the two main sources for Machiavelli’s ideas in The Prince?
The two main sources were his preoccupation with Italy’s politics and his knowledge of
ancient Rome.
What is the most important literary movement associated with the renaissance?
Humanism
Why was Petrarch often called the father of Renaissance humanism?
Petrarch did more than any other individual in the 14th century to foster the development of Renaissance humanism.
How did the humanist movement affect the education in the Renaissance?
Renaissance humanist built secondary schools in hope of teaching their beliefs to others.
Analyze the impact printing had on the Renaissance.
Printing allowed common people to have bibles in their homes, it also encouraged scholarly research.
Explain the two directions that helped develop the new renaissance style of art.
One emphasized the mathematical and involved the investigation of movement and anatomical structure.
Who were the three artists that dominated the high Renaissance?
Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael.
Discuss the position of artist before and during the 15th century.
Before the wealthy controlled what the artists did, but eventually they went from artisans to artistic geniuses.
What were the views of the northern artistic Renaissance.
In Italy, human form became the primary vehicle of expression as Italian artist sought to master the
technical skills that allowed them to portray humans in reality.
What occurred due to the effect of the Council of Constance.
The Great Schism had finally been brought to an end in 1417
How did the Hundred Years’ War effect France?
Depopulation, desolate
farmlands, ruined commerce, and independent and unruly nobles occurred.
What was the primary concern of the papacy?
The primary concern was governing the Catholic Church as its leader.
The Italian Renaissance was primarily
a. a mass movement of the peasants.
b. characterized by a preoccupation with religion.
c. a product of rural Italy.
d. a recovery or rebirth of antiquity and Greco-Roman culture.
e. a religious reform movement.
d.
The word “Renaissance” means
a. rebirth.
b. new world.
c. maturation.
d. escape.
e. culture.
a.
