Chapters 11 & 12 Flashcards
What is top-dog phenomenon?
Moving from being the oldest, biggest, and most powerful students in the school to being the youngest, smallest, least powerful
What age group feels the most “in-between” in terms of feeling like an adult
12-17
When is the peak physical performance?
between 19 and 26 years of age
When is the peak performance of cardiovascular and respiratory function
peaks at age 35
When is the peak for athletic skills
peak between 20 and 35
Overall health during emerging adulthood
fewer chronic problems. bad health habits from adolescence increase in emerging adulthood
Life satisfaction and physical health
life satisfaction later in life is linked to physical health in emerging adulthood
sleep in college students
70% do not get adequate sleep. pineal gland secretes melatonin one hour later in adolescence and early adulthood
Recommendations for better sleep
wake up at the same time everyday, get regular exercise, limit caffeine intake, avoid excessive alcohol intake, limit screen time before bed
Morality rales and accident rates during emerging adulthood - age differences and gender differences
emerging adults have more than twice the mortality rate of adolescents; males are involved in significantly more accidents than females in all 3 age groups
Substance abuse in emerging adulthood
peaks from 19-22 years then declines. up to 20% of ages 21-25 are substance users
Binge drinking in emerging adulthood
Described as having one or more alcoholic drinks in a row. often increases in college. binge drinking peaks at about age 21-22 and then declines
Marijuana use
Has simnifically increased. more common for people after college, than in college
Erkison’s psychosocial stage: intimacy vs isolation
intimacy: finding oneself while losing oneself in another person. intimacy involves self disclosure, sharing private thoughts
affects of identity status in intimacy vs isolation
failure to achieve intimacy results in social isolation
Secure attachment style
positive view of relationship, easy to get close to others, not overly concerned/ stressed about relationship
Avoidant attachment style
hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships. tend to distance themselves from partner. negative views of partner, positive views of self
Anxious attachment style
demand closeness, less trusting, more emotional, jealous, and possessive. wants too much. negative view of self, positive view of partner
Fearful attachment style
negative view of self and partner
mere exposure effect
people tend to develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them
Do opposites attract
research is mixed on whether opposites attract, most research does not support this
Self monitoring
how concerned people are with the impressions that are making with others, their ability to control and modify their behaviors to fit the situation
high self monitor
physical attractiveness is more important, less committed in relationships
low self monitor
personality more important, more committed in relationship
Sternberg’s triangular theory of love: passion
physical attraction and sexual attraction
Sternberg’s triangular theory of love: intimacy
feeling of closeness, connection, self-disclosure
Sternberg’s triangular theory of love: commitment
cognitive appraisal of relationship; intent to maintain relationship
Infatuation love
sexual/physical chemistry. often predominates in early part of love relationships
Fatuous love
sexual/physical chemistry plus commitment. lacks intimacy
affectionate love
companionate love. intimacy plus commitment; lacks passion. desires to have the other near, based on deep, caring affection
Consummate love
strongest love. involves dimensions of passion, intimacy, and commitment
Meeting online for relationships
more marriage partners are meeting online. lower divorce rates
are the rates of people getting marries increasing or decreasing?
decreasing
Average age for men and women to get married
men- 29.3 women-27
What is the average duration of marriage?
7-9 years
How many individuals cohabitant during emerging adulthood?
40-50%
Alternative to marriage cohabitation
no plans for marriage (often older, divorced), want committed relationships without legality
precursor to marriage cohabitation
live together with plans to get married. most common in the U.S.
Alternative to being single cohabitation
no plans for marriage, doesn’t last long
Potential factors for the increase in cohabitation
personality factors (less committal, less likely to have religious commitment, non-traditional gender roles), age (over 23 less divorce rates)
selection effect
those with stronger relationships follow traditional marriage path; those with doubts opt for cohabitation first
Engagement and cohabitation
engaged prior to cohabitation: lower divorce rates
benefits of a good marriage
live longer, healthier lives, feel less physical pain and emotional stress, fewer psychological problems
When is the “honeymoon” stage over?
significant decrease in saying I love you, showing affection and sharing emotions after 1 year
factors that help us stay in love
sense of equity, realistic expectations, self-disclosure, lack of criticism defensiveness, attachment style composition
More numbers of years married causes higher or lower divorce rates
lower
Trends in having children
romantic illusions about having a child, tend to parent the way our parents did, ago of having children has been increasing, u.s women having fewer children overall
what is the average age of women and men to have children
women- 27, men-30
Having children earlier
more physical energy, fewer medical problems with pregnancy and children, less built up expectations fro children
Having children later
more time to consider and achieve life goals, more mature, have more life expereinces, better established in careers, more money
Vocational identity
central component of emerging adulthood, college is considered an important step towards a career, positive correlation between college and income
Factors that influence vocational choice
personality, family influence, teachers, gender stereotypes, access to vocational information
Holland’s theory of career development
emphasis on personality types as major influence in career choice development, occupational choice is an expression of personality, members of an occupational group have similar personalities, occupational achievement, stability, and satisfaction depend on congruence between ones personality and job environment
3 pieces of advice Megan Jay has for twenty somethings
get some identity capital, urban tribe is overrated, and pick your family now
