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Phlebotomy > Chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Laboratory procedure manual

A

States policies and procedures for each test/practice.

  • must be available to all laboratory employees
  • Must be updated annually
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2
Q

Safety Manual

A

Contains procedures related to:

  • Chemical, electrical, fire and radiation safety
  • Exposure Control
  • Disaster Plan
  • Handling hazardous materials
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3
Q

Quality Assurance

A

A program or process designed to prevent problems in the future
-Helps ensure quality patient care by tracking outcomes through scheduled reviews of the following: Appropriateness
Applicability
Timeliness

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4
Q

Quality Control

A

Component of a quality assurance program and a form of procedure control
-Uses operational checks to ensure procedures are performed correctly
-Identifies weakness in process at the practice level which cause poor patient service and lab errors
REQUIRES:
Adhering to rules or standards
Using checklists and monitoring performance

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5
Q

Blood bank/Immunohematology

A

blood for transfusion

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6
Q

Microbiology

A

Microorganisms in body fluids and tissues

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7
Q

Urinalysis

A

Urine tests

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8
Q

Serology/Immunology

A

Serum and autoimmune reactions

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9
Q

Chemistry

A

Lab tests

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10
Q

Coagulation

A

Ability of blood to form and dissolve clots

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11
Q

Hematology

A

Blood and blood-forming tissues

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12
Q

HIPAA

A

Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act

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13
Q

What is HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act)

A

Established national standards for electronic exchange of PHI (Protected Health Info)

  • Safeguards confidentiality of protected health info
  • States patients must be informed of rights
  • Disclosure PMI (personal medical info) requires written authorization
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14
Q

Continuing Education

A

Education required by most licensing and certifying agencies

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15
Q

Certificate

A

A document (recognition) granted by agency

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16
Q

Capillary Puncture

A

Blood Collection via a lancet puncture of skin

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17
Q

Venipuncture

A

Blood collection via a needle insert

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18
Q

What are the two most important skills of a phlebotomist

A

Confidence and professionalism

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19
Q

Stone Age

A

Used crude tools to cut vessels and drain blood from the body

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20
Q

Egypt (1400 BC)

A

Applied leeches to patient for bloodletting

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21
Q

Hippocrates (460-377 BC)

A

Health depended on balance of 4 humors in body:
-blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile
Bloodletting was used to remove excess humor

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22
Q

Venesection

A

Cutting vein to bleed patient

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23
Q

OSHA Blood Borne Pathogen Standard

A

Intended to reduce/eliminate occupational exposure to BBPs and enforced by law
-Uses engineering and work practice controls to prevent exposure incidents

24
Q

BBP

A

Blood borne pathogens

25
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational safety & Health Administration

26
Q

When is a contact precaution used?

A

Patient known or suspected to be infected with epidemiologically important microbes that can be transmitted by direct contact with patient or indirect contact with surfaces.

27
Q

Epidemiology

A

the branch of medicine dealing with the incidence and prevalence of disease in large populations and with detection of the source and cause of epidemics of infectious disease.

28
Q

When is a droplet precaution used?

A

Patients known or suspected with microbes transmitted by droplets, generated when a patient talks, coughs or sneezes during a certain procedure.

29
Q

When is a airborne precaution used?

A

Patients known or suspected to be infected with microbes transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei

30
Q

What are three transmission based precautions?

A

Airborne, droplet and contact precautions

31
Q

Biohazard

A

Any material or substance harmful to health

32
Q

UP

A

Universal precautions
MEANS:
Blood and body fluids of all people are potentially infectious

33
Q

Order of donning PPE?

A
  1. Gown
  2. Mask
  3. Gloves
34
Q

Order for removing PPE?

A
  1. Gloves
  2. Gown
  3. Mask
35
Q

Communicable (Infection)

A

Able to spread from person to person

  • CDC is the one who investigates and controls communicable diseases
36
Q

Pathogen

A

A microbe capable of causing disease

37
Q

Infection

A

A condition that results when a microorganism (microbe) is able to invade the body, multiply and cause injury or disease.

  • Bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Protozoa
  • Viruses
38
Q

PPE (Personal protective equipment)

A

Gloves, gowns, lab coats, masks, face shields, goggles and respirators

39
Q

What do you do if you stick yourself with a needle/sharp object?

A

Wash site with soap and warm water for at least 30 seconds

40
Q

FMEA

A

Failure modes and Effects Analysis

41
Q

What is FMEA (Failure modes and Effects Analysis)

A

Systematic process to reduce the risk of harm to patients and employees by preventing failures rather than treating bad outcomes

42
Q

CLIA

A

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988

43
Q

What are the CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments)

A 
Federal regulations passed by congress that establish quality standards that apply to all laboratories.
Standards Address:
-Quality assurance
-Quality Control
-Proficiency testing 
-Laboratory records
-Personnel qualifications
44
Q

CLSI

A

Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute

45
Q

What is CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute)?

A

A global, non-profit, standards developing organization

  • Has representatives from profession, industry and government
  • develops voluntary guidelines and standards for all areas of the laboratory
46
Q

What is CLSI’s mission?

A

To develop and promote best practices in clinical and laboratory testing

47
Q

CAP

A

College of American Pathologists

48
Q

What is CAP (College of American Pathologists)?

A

Offers proficiency testing and continuous lab inspection

  • All members are board certified pathologists
  • Designed for pathology/lab services only
  • Meets medicare/medicaid standards
49
Q

TJC

A

The Joint Commision

50
Q

What is the TJC (The Joint Commision)?

A

Voluntary non-governmental agency that establishes standards for operation of hospitals and other health-related facilities

  • Oldest and largest healthcare standards setting body in nation
  • Seeks to improve healthcare for public through evaluation
  • Focuses on improving safety for patients and residents
51
Q

How many identifiers do you need for identification?

A 
You need at least two and cannot use room number or physical location.
Accepted Identifiers:
-Name
-Assigned ID #
-Telephone #
-DOB
-Address
-Photograph
-Electronic ID (if it includes 2 or more identifiers)
52
Q

What does the Infection Prevention and Control Manual contain?

A
  • Hand washing and other decontamination procedures
  • Precautions when dealing with patients or handling specimens
  • Procedure to implement after exposure incidents
53
Q

What are the specimen collection procedures?

A

Identification, equipment, technique and collection priorities

54
Q

Why should a lab keep a limited supply of evacuated tubes?

A

Each tube has a expiration date for QA (quality assurance)

55
Q

What must you include when labeling a patients specimen?

A

Date, time of draw and ID of person drawing blood

Phlebotomy (12 decks)

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