Chapter 13

Question 1

UA (Routine Urinalysis)

Answer 1

• Most commonly requested urine test that screen for urinary and systematic disorders
• Includes physical, chemical and microscopic analysis
• use midstream collection to avoid contamination

Question 2

Culture and Sensitivity (C&S) “clean catch urine”

Answer 2

• After 18-24 hours check for bacterial growth
• Identify any microorganisms that grow
• Requires midstream clean catch collection

Question 3

HCG

Answer 3

Pregnancy test (both blood and urine)

Question 4

Urine Pregnancy testing

Answer 4

Tests for HCG, a hormone appearing in urine after conception

Question 5

DS

Answer 5

Urine Drug Screening

Question 6

‘Random’ Urine specimen

Answer 6

Collected at any time

Question 7

‘First morning/8 hour’ Urine specimen

Answer 7

Collected on waking after 8 hours sleep

Question 8

‘Fasting’ Urine specimen

Answer 8

Second specimen voided after fasting (glucose monitoring)

Question 9

‘Timed’ Urine specimen

Answer 9

Collected at specific times

Question 10

Name four timed urine specimen tests

Answer 10

• Tolerance test (glucose)
• 2-hour postprandial (2 hours after meal)
• 24-hour (collection and pooling of all urine voided in 24 hours)
• Double voided (empty bladder, wait specified time, then collect specimen)

Question 11

What is a ‘Hat’?

Answer 11

A 24 hour urine specimen collection container

Question 12

24 Hour Collection Procedure

Answer 12

1. Void into toilet as usual upon waking
2. Note time and date on label, place on container, begin timing
3. Collect all urine voided for the next 24 hours
4. Refrigerate specimen throughout collection period
5. Collect urine before bms
6. Drink normal amount of fluid unless otherwise directed
7. Void one last time at the end of 24 hours
8. Seal container, place in cooler, transport to lab ASAP

Question 13

‘Regular voided’ urine collection method

Answer 13

P voids into clean container

Question 14

‘Midstream’ urine collection method

Answer 14

P voids into toilet first, then container

Question 15

‘Midstream clean-catch’ urine collection method

Answer 15

Requires special cleaning of genital area before collection

Question 16

‘Catheterized’ urine collection method

Answer 16

Collected from sterile catheter inserted through the urethra

Question 17

‘Suprapubic aspiration’ urine collection method

Answer 17

Collected by inserting needle directly into bladder and aspirating

Question 18

‘Pediatric’ urine collection method

Answer 18

Collected in plastic bag, for children not potty trained

Question 19

Sputum

Answer 19

Mucous or phlegm ejected from trachea, bronchi and lungs used for diagnosis or monitoring of lower respiratory tract infections

• first morning specimen preferred
• collect 1 hour after meal
• P takes 3 or 4 deep breaths and then coughs forcefully, expelling sputum into container

Question 20

Feces

Answer 20

• Useful in evaluation of gastrointestinal disorders
• Evaluated for presence of intestinal parasites and their eggs
• Check for fat and urobilinogen content
• Cultured to detect presence of pathogenic bacteria and viruses
• tested for presence of occult blood using gualac test