Chapter 9 Flashcards
Hemolyed
The condition of serum or plasma that contains hemoglobin from broken RBCs
Hemolysis
Damage or destruction of RBCs and release of hemoglobin into the fluid portion of a specimen.
- Causes the serum color to range from pink (slight hemolysis) to red (gross hemolysis)Nam
Basal State
Resting state of body early in the morning after fasting 12 hours
List problems sites for blood draws?
- Burns
- Scars
- Tattoos (more susceptible to infection)
- Damaged veins
sclerosed and thrombosed - Edema
- Hematoma
- Mastectomy (cannot draw blood from arm on the same side P had mastectomy on)
- Obesity
Sclerosed (vein)
Hardened
Thrombosed (vein)
Clotted
Edema
Swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of fluid tissues
Hematoma
A swelling or mass of blood
Arterial Line
A catheter placed in an artery (usually radial).
It provides accurate and continuous measurement of blood pressure
Arteriovenous shunt or fistula
The permanent, surgical fusion of an artery and a vein. It’s created to provide access for dialysis
Where should you draw if a P has a Arteriovenous shunt or fistula?
Draw on the opposite arm that doesn’t have either.
What is one of the most important steps when drawing off a vasular device (IV line)?
Use a discard tube (red top) for the 1st tube whenever drawing off a vasular line
How long should you wait to draw from an arm that previously had a IV line?
24-48 hours
Central Vasular Access Devices (CVADs)
“Central Line” Tubing inserted into a main vein or artery
Name the 3 types of CVADs
- Central venous catheter or line
- Implanted port
- Peripherally Inserted central catheter
Name 3 allergies to equipment and supplies
Adhesive allergy
Antiseptic allergy
Latex allergy
Name 6 patient complications/conditions
Excessive bleeding Fainting Nausea and vomiting Pain Petechiae - tiny non-raised red spots Seizures/convulsion
Whats are 5 signs that someone is passing out?
- P saying they are tired
- pallor (paleness)
- perspiration
- hyperventilation
- vertigo
- dizziness
- light-headedness
- nausea
- tunnel vision
- sound fading into background
What should you do if a P develops a hematoma?
Discontinue the draw immediately and hold pressure over site for two minutes. If it is large and swollen offer a ice pack for the area.
How do you know if you hit a nerve?
P may say they feel tingling or burning sensation down their arm
Hemoconcentration
A decrease in fluid content of blood and an increase in non-filterable large molecules
- Caused by stagnation of venous flow d/t tourniquet
Name 5 quality control concerns
- hemoconcentration
- hemolysis
- partially filled tubes
- specimen contamination
- wrong or expired tubes
Medical term for fainting
Syncope (sin ‘ko pea)
