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Anatomy & Physiology I > Chapters 1, 2, And 3 Review > Flashcards

Chapters 1, 2, And 3 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

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2
Q

What is the packaging of the cell?

A

Golgi apparatus

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3
Q

What is the highway for movement within a cell?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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4
Q

What is anatomy?

A

Science or the structure of an organism and the relationship of its parts

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5
Q

What is physiology?

A

The study of the functions of the human body and its parts

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6
Q

What are living organisms that are self-organized and self-maintaining?

A

Autopoiesis

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7
Q

What is metabolism?

A

All chemical reactions that occur in body cells

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8
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Body erect with arms at sides, palms forward, head and feet pointing forward

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9
Q

What is tissue?

A

Group of many similar cells and perform the same function

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10
Q

What does the mediastinum contain?

A

Heart, trachea, tight and left bronchi, esophagus, thymus, various blood vessels, thoracic duct, other lymphatic vessels, various lymph nodes, nerves

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11
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

A

Liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, intestines, spleen, kidneys, ureters

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12
Q

What are the 9 abdominopelvic regions?

A 
Right and left hypochondriac region
Epigastric region
Umbilical region
Hypogastric region
Right and left iliac region
Right and left lumbar region
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13
Q

What are the 4 abdominal quadrants?

A

Upper left quadrant
Upper right quadrant
Lower left quadrant
Lower right quadrant

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14
Q

What is the difference between negative and positive feedback loops?

A

Negative feedback loops oppose change, such as a fever, and positive feedback loops accelerate change, such as child birth

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15
Q

What are eponyms?

A

Terms that are based on a persons name.

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16
Q

What feedback loops are inhibitory?

A

Negative

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17
Q

What is intrinsic control?

A

Regulation of tissue and organ control by use of chemical signals, other built in mechanisms

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18
Q

What is responsiveness?

A

Ability of an organism to sense, monitor, and respond to internal and external environment

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19
Q

What are the basic components of negative feedback loop?

A

Sensor mechanism
Integrating
Effective mechanism
Feedback

20
Q

What is the thermostat of the negative feedback loop?

A

Hypothalamus

21
Q

What is anything that has mass and occupies space?

A

Matter

22
Q

What are the 4 major elements of the body?

A

Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon

23
Q

The 4 major elements of the body make up what percentage of the human body?

A

96%

24
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles?

A

Electrons, neutrons, and protons

25
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

Number of protons in the nucleus

26
Q

What is the mass number?

A

Number of protons plus the number of neutrons

27
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

When the outer shell will attempt to to lose, gain, or share an electron with another atom if it has fewer electrons in order to achieve stability

28
Q

What is an inert element?

A

Stable, such as helium

29
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

30
Q

What are some isotopes for hydrogen?

A

Deuterium and tritium

31
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

The transferring of electrons

32
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

The sharing of electrons

33
Q

What is the synthesis chemical reaction?

A

A+B=AB

34
Q

What is the decomposition reaction?

A

AB=A+B

35
Q

What are exchanges reactants?

A

AB+CD=AD+CB

36
Q

What is the reversible reactions?

A

A+BAB

37
Q

What is catabolism?

A

The breakdown of larger molecules into smaller chemicals units by releasing energy and adding a water molecule

38
Q

What is anabolism?

A

The chemical reaction that requires energy and removes a water molecule to build a larger molecule

39
Q

What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

Energy

40
Q

What is hydrolysis?

A

The process of adding water to break down larger molecules into smaller molecules

41
Q

What is the most important compound that makes up 70% of the human body?

A

Water

42
Q

What is an acid?

A

Proton donor which is less than 7 on the pH scale

43
Q

What is a base?

A

Proton acceptor higher than 7 on the pH scale

44
Q

What are positively charged ions?

A

Cations

45
Q

What is pathogenesis?

A

Mechanism of a disease and its course of development

46
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

Study of the occurrence, disturbance,and transmission of diseases in a human population

Anatomy & Physiology I (8 decks)

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