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ap gov archive > Chapters 1/2 > Flashcards

Chapters 1/2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Money granted to the states for a narrow purpose (ex: school lunch program)

A

Categorical grant

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1
Q

Branch of government which writes law

A

Legislative

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2
Q

Those who favor greater national authority rather than state authority

A

Centralists

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3
Q

System in which each branch of government limits one another

A

Checks and balances

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4
Q

Gives congress the power to regulate commerce among that states

A

Commerce clause

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5
Q

Concurrent powers

A

Powers held by both congress and the states

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6
Q

System in which sovereign states are only loosely tied to a central government

A

Confederation

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7
Q

People who prefer greater state authority over national authority

A

Decentralists

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8
Q

System in which the people rule themselves

A

Direct democracy

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9
Q

Money granted by the government to states from a broad purpose (like transportation)

A

Block grant

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10
Q

3 authors of the federalist papers

A

Madison, Hamilton, Jay

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11
Q

A change in the actual wording of the constitution

A

Formal amendment

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12
Q

Purpose of the federalist papers

A

Persuade people to adopt the constitution

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13
Q

System in which people rule by their representatives

A

indirect democracy

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14
Q

Judicial review

A

Power of the courts to rule on the constitutionality of laws and government actions

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15
Q

Court case which established judicial review

A

Marbury vs. Madison

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16
Q

Requirements posed by the national government to the states

A

mandates

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17
Q

Powers of the states to protect the public health, safety, morals, and health standards of the public

A

Police powers

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18
Q

Principle in which powers of the government are separated among three branches

A

separation of powers

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19
Q

Marbury vs. Madison year

A

1803

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20
Q

Principle in which ultimate political authority rests with the people

A

popular sovereignty

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21
Q

Why is Shay’s Rebellion significant?

A

highlighted the problems with the Articles of Confederation

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22
Q

A majority greater than a simple majority of one half

A

Supermajority

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23
Q

Bicameral

A

Two house legislature

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24
Q

Another word for indirect democracy

A

republic

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25
Q

Why did the founding fathers distrust direct democracy? (3 reasons)

A

The common man wasn’t educated enough to make good decisions

They could be swayed by demagogs

Gathering all citizens is impractical

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26
Q

Shay’s Rebellion year

A

1789

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27
Q

Minority delegates using politics to their advantage

A

Elite politics view

28
Q

Political resources scattered so no elite can control all of government

A

Pluralist politics view

29
Q

Example of elite politics view; what kind of elite does it represent

A

Marxist; economic elite

30
Q

Majoritarian politics view

A

Leaders influenced by the views of the majority

31
Q

So many political groups haggling, government goes into gridlock

A

Hyperpluralist view

32
Q

Where are the fundamental democratic values stated?

A

The Preamble

33
Q

Freedom within the context of order and fairness

A

Liberty

34
Q

4 Fundamental Democratic Values

A

1) Popular sovereignty
2) Respect for the individual
3) Equality of opportunity
4) Liberty

35
Q

What makes an election democratic?

A

Free and fair with competing parties

36
Q

The Legislative branch consists of ____________.

A

Congress: the House and the Senate

37
Q

Branch of government which enforces law

A

executive

38
Q

Branch of government which interprets law

A

Judicial

39
Q

The Following of The Ninth

A

Refers to Beethoven’s 9th Symphony, which is used as a battle cry of people fighting for freedom

40
Q

Ideal established by the Magna Carta

A

Limited government

41
Q

What state constitution inspired the Preamble?

A

Massachusetts

42
Q

3 Sources of inspiration for the Consitution

A

enlightenment ideals, british traditions, and colonial experience

43
Q

3 problems with the Articles of Confederation

A
  • National government could not tax
  • No executive leader of judiciary
  • No national currency
44
Q

Annapolis Convention

A

convened to amend the A. of Confederation

45
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

called to junk the A. of Confederation and start of; this purpose was concealed from the public

46
Q

People must give up some freedom in the name of order

A

Social contract

47
Q

Agreement to count slaves as 3/5s of a person for taxes and for representation

A

Compromise of 3/5s

48
Q

Another name for the Great Compromise

A

Connecticut Compromise

49
Q

What did the Great Compromise establish?

A

A bicameral legislature

50
Q

The two main Federalists

A

Hamilton and Madison

51
Q

The main Anti-Federalist

A

Patrick Henry

52
Q

What sort of people were the Federalists?

A

Property owners, creditors, the elite

53
Q

What sort of people were the anti-federalists?

A

Farmers, debtors, shopkeepers

54
Q

2 British documents which influenced the Constitution

A

Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights

55
Q

What was the goal of the Federalists?

A

Ratify the constitution

56
Q

What was the primary belief of the antifederalists?

A

The government should be close to the people, thus, power should primarily remain with the states

57
Q

Why is split ticket voting more common now than ever before?

A

Ballots are arranged by office, rather than by party

58
Q

How did the Federalists and Anti-Federalists eventually compromise?

A

The addition of the Bill of Rights

59
Q

Why were checks and balances established?

A

Fear of tyranny

60
Q

When a voter votes for multiple parties

A

split ticket voting

61
Q

The president from one party, Congress controlled by another

A

divided government

62
Q

Under the Articles of Confederation, how could the document be changed?

A

unanimous vote

63
Q

Under the constitution, how can amendments be made?

A

National government proposes an amendment, and state governments ratify it

64
Q

The common way amendment proposals are made?

A

2/3 vote in both houses

65
Q

What alternate process is there to propose an amendment? Has it ever been used?

A

Constitutional Convention; no

66
Q

What common way are amendments ratified by the states?

A

3/4 vote

67
Q

Why are terms staggered across government?

A

No party can gain control of all government at once

68
Q

What is the only amendment to be ratified by a state-by-state series of constitutional conventions?

A

21st

ap gov archive (22 decks)

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