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musculoskeletal part 2 chapter 32 > chapter32 part 8 > Flashcards

chapter32 part 8 Flashcards

1
Q

older adults w/ decrease creatine should not take

A

allopurinol

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2
Q

what type of therapy is good for pt that have hypertension and grout

A

losartan promotes urate excretion

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3
Q

make the person more susceptible to fracture because of the decrease in mass

A

osteoporosis

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4
Q

low bone mass

A

osteopenia

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5
Q

what are some risk factors of osteoporosis

A

age,

chronic disease (i.e., liver, lung, kidney)

medications (i.e., steroids, anticonvulsants, anticoagulants, proton pump inhibitors, selective serotonin inhibitors)

long-term calcium deficiency

vitamin D deficiency,

smoking,

excessive caffeine or alcohol intake,

and sedentary lifestyle

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6
Q

eating disorder and inflammatory bowel disease can lead to

A

osteoporosis

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7
Q

s/s of osteoporosis

what happen once the pt develops osteoporosis

A

it is a silent disease

No early signs and symptoms

Height loss, kyphosis, and compression of the spine

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8
Q

when is osteoporosis more commonly Dx

A

after the pt sustained a fracture from little or no known trauma

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9
Q

how is osteoporosis Dx

A

Bone radiographs

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA); reported as a T score

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10
Q

T score os greater than 1 standard deviation from a healthy young adult

A

normal bone density

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11
Q

T score of -2.5 or more indicate

A

osteopenia

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12
Q

T score below -2.5 indicates

A

osteoporosis

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13
Q

what are the goal for osteoporosis

A

is aimed to stop loss of bone density

Increase bone formation.

Prevent fractures.

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14
Q

what are some other treatment for osteoporosis

A

Estrogen replacement therapy

Adequate dietary and

supplemental calcium and vitamin D & K

Weight-bearing exercise

Bisphosphonates

Parathyroid hormones

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15
Q

what medication is recommended for pt w/ osteoporosis for 5 year

A

Bisphosphonates aldendronate

risedronate

zoledronic

RANKL

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16
Q

what is used for pt w prostate cancer

A

intravenous zoledronic acid

or

denosumab

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17
Q

what type of compression are common in pt w/ osteoporosis

A

Vertebral compression

18
Q

involves the percutaneous injection of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) a bone cement directly into an osteoporotic spinal area under fluroscopy

A

vertebroplasty

19
Q

what type of plasty stabilize the bone snd help reduce or eliminate pain

A

Vertebroplasty

20
Q

consist of the percutaneous insertion of an inflatable device into the fracture vertebral body under fluoroscopy

A

Kyphoplasty

21
Q

how is Kyphoplasty done

A

the device is inflated

elevating the end plate and restoring the vertebral toward its original ht

22
Q

what are some nursing management for osteoporosis

A

Promote screening for osteoporosis.

Teach the benefits of healthy lifestyle

need for calcium supplement, and weight-bearing exercise.

Medications, cautions, and
side effects
* Upright position for 1 hour after taking bisphosphonate-type drugs to prevent esophageal irritation and erosion

23
Q

what should you be caution while taking bisphosphonate drug

A

jawbone necrosis

increase risk for femur

esophageal irritation if the pt does not remain an upright position for an 1 hour

this drug should be stop after 5 years

24
Q

is a problem of abnormal bone resorption followed by replacement of normal marrow w/ fibrous connective tissue

A

paget’s diseases (abnormal weak bone)

25
Q

is there known cause for Paget disease

A

no

26
Q

when is the paget disease found

A

at the time of the fracture occurs

when radiograph reveal abnormality of bone

27
Q

how is Paget disease Dx

A

Radiography

24-hour urine collection for pyridineine Collagen

Serum alkaline phosphatase

28
Q

what are some s/s of PAGET disease

A

pain

elevated Serum alkaline phosphatase

29
Q

what is given w/ paget disease to slow down bone resorption

A

miacalcin

bisphosphonate

30
Q

what are some nursing management for paget disease

A

Firm mattress

Light brace or corset

Avoid lifting and twisting

31
Q

is subject to both benign and malignant tumor

A

bone tumor

32
Q

where/ when are benign tumor found

A

on radiograph or at the time of fracture

33
Q

malignant tumor can be either

A

primary and secondary tumor

34
Q

what age group is malignant most common among

A

10 to 25 yrs. of age

35
Q

what is the most common type of malignant

A

osteosarcoma and

osteogenic sarcoma

36
Q

osteosarcoma may occur in men older than

A

60 years

37
Q

what are some other type of primary malignant tumor

A

ewing sarcoma

chondrosarcoma

fibrosarcoma

38
Q

what are some s/s of bone tumor

A

Pain, warmth, and swelling

39
Q

how is bone tumor Dx

A

Radiography
,
bone scan,

biopsy

physical examination

40
Q

what are some treatment for bone tumor

A

Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy

41
Q

when is chemotherapy given

A

10 weeks before surgery

42
Q

chemotherapeutic agents is used depending on ?

what is give to treat hypercalcemia Associated w/ bone tumor

A

tumor size
location
and health care provider

zoledronic acid

musculoskeletal part 2 chapter 32 (10 decks)

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