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musculoskeletal part 2 chapter 32 > Chapter 32 Part 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 32 Part 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Assessment should be perform at least how many times

A

Once at the beginning of every shift

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2
Q

When the fracture is fresh the assessment should be done every

What are you checking

A

2 to 4 hours

Skin color

Skin temperature

Pulse

Movement

Sensation

Pain

Capillary refill

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3
Q

The drainage from pin site may occur for

A

48 to 72 hours after surgery

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4
Q

Pillows are used to

A

Support the curves of large cast so that the weight of the body will not crack or flatten the cast

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5
Q

While the cast Plaster is damp use the

A

Palm of the hand or the flat surface of the extended finger when touching the cast

Because fingertips can sink into the damp plaster and make it impressions through the cast that rubs against the tissue

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6
Q

A plaster cast Can generate heat as it dry so what should you assess the patient for

A

Assess the patient subjective sensation of heat and pain because burn can occur

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7
Q

Turn the first 24 to 48 hours after any cats has been applied to any extremities

A

The extremities should be elevated to minimize swelling

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8
Q

Whether fiberglass or plaster the cash should be inspected

A

Every day for flatten areas, soft spot , cracking, crumbling

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9
Q

How should you relieve itching when you have a cast

And at home

A

A 60 mL plunger syringe and forcefully direct air under the cast

Use a hair dryer on the coldest setting to blow air into the cast

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10
Q

What type of cats will disintegrated if it gets wet

A

plaster cast

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11
Q

What could help a patient with back care

A

Over head trapeze bar

So that the patient can lift them self to enable back care

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12
Q

When the cast is removed the underlying skin is usually dry and scaly so what should you avoid doing

A

Scrubbing the area so prevent damage of a deeper layers of skin

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13
Q

From a systemic infection caused by the SPIROCHET BORRELIA BURGDORFERI

A

Lyme disease

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14
Q

How is the SPIROCHETE transmitted

A

By the bite Of a black legged or western black legging tick

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15
Q

How do you Lyme disease begin

A

With a flu symptom and
a bull eyes rash

Pain and stiffness in the joints and muscles

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16
Q

What is taking for 10 to 21 days to prevent the disease from progression

CAD

A

Doxycycline

Cefuroxime

Amoxicillin

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17
Q

How was Lyme disease diagnosed

A

Based on clinical presentation in the possibility of being exposed to infected tick

In the early stage laboratory testing is not reliable and not recommended

18
Q

If undiagnosed of Lyme disease s what starts

A

Stage two

2 to 12 weeks later

19
Q

What begins in stage two Lyme disease

What is needed at this point

A

Carditis

Nervous system disorder =meningitis

Peripheral neuritis

Facial paralysis like Bell palsy

intravenous antibiotics

20
Q

If undiagnosed and untreated later chronic complication may occur the patient may experience

A

Fatigue

cognition problem

Arthralgias - joint pain

21
Q

In some instances the only sign of Lyme disease is

A

Arthritis

which can cause permanent damage to the nervous system into the joints

22
Q

Why are Lyme disease often missed

A

Because this disease has symptoms similar to the flu some people

do not seek out examination from healthcare provider

23
Q

Is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of

cartilage in the synovial joint,

bones,

joint capsule,

surrounding tissue,

synovial fluids

A

Osteoarthritis

24
Q

What do osteoarthritis release and what was it once called and is no longer correct

A

Inflammatory molecules

Non-inflammatory disease

25
Q

What is the exact cause of osteoarthritis and what are some risk factors

A

The exact cause is not known

Some risk factors are

heredity,

aging,

female gender,

obesity,

previous joint injury, and

recreational or occupational overuse joint

26
Q

The a synovial cells then releases what when you have osteoarthritis

A

Enzymes that causes further cartilage degeneration

27
Q

Another way Secondary osteoarthritis occurs

A

Asymmetrically and typically affect only one or two joints joints

28
Q

How does a secondary osteoarthritis occur

A

As a result of injury or other identifiable mechanism

29
Q

Primary osteoarthritis, particularly of the hand cannon car

A

symmetrically

30
Q

Symptoms of Osteoarthritis

A

Aching pain with joint movement,

stiffness limitation of mobility,

joints may be the deform,

and nodules may be presented

31
Q

Where are the treatment for osteoarthritis

A

Pain management

Strengthening and low impact aerobic exercise

Maintenance of joint function

32
Q

What medication are given for osteoarthritis

A

Salicylate

Acetaminophen

NSAID
Corticosteroids injection

33
Q

Surgery or joint replacement may be performed to relieve

A

Severe pain and improve and Mobility

34
Q

What is the most common site for joint replacement related to osteoarthritis

A

Hip and knee

35
Q

What’s another way to control and relieve pain of osteoarthritis

A

Yoga and massage.

Capsaicin 4x a day

36
Q

What medication Is used with severe osteoarthritis

They also slow down or halt the progress of osteoarthritis

A

Glucosamine

Chondroitin

37
Q

For patients with mild to moderate Osteoarthritis what injections are given

And they do what

A

Hyaluronic :

Euflexxa

Orthovisc

Synvisc

Supartz

Hyalagan

Acts as a lubricant, decreases pain, and improve function

38
Q

What’s another treatment for a knee cartilage injury

A

Autologous chondrocytes

39
Q

Healthy articular cartilage cells are removed from the patient and sent to special laboratory where they can grow for

Autologous chondrocytes

A

3 to 5 weeks and then re-implant

Patients use crutches for 6 to 8 weeks after surgery

Successful in about 90% of cases works better for younger patients younger than 50

40
Q

What are the nursing intervention for patients with osteoarthritis

What are some exercise examples

A

Teaching the pt of balance exercise and rest.

Knitting and swimming and walking all helps improvement mobility and decrease pain

Moist heat application and maintain weight within normal limits

quadriceps and Gluteal exercise

musculoskeletal part 2 chapter 32 (10 decks)

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