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musculoskeletal part 2 chapter 32 > chapter32 > Flashcards

chapter32 Flashcards

1
Q

is a partial or complete tearing of the ligaments that hold various bone together to form

A

sprain

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2
Q

happens during trauma when a joint is forced or twisted past its normal ROM

A

sprain

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3
Q

what are the most common place where sprain occur

A

ankle
knee
and wrist

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4
Q

tenderness at site

mild swelling and no loss of function

no abnormal motion

slight stretching and microscopic tearing of ligaments

A

grade I (MILD)

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5
Q

grade I (MILD)

A

tenderness at site

mild swelling and no loss of function

no abnormal motion

slight stretching and microscopic tearing of ligaments

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6
Q

more severe pain

especially w/ wt bearing

swelling and bleeding into joint

some loss of function

partial tearing of ligaments

A

grade II (MODERATE)

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7
Q

grade II (MODERATE)

A

more severe pain

especially w/ wt bearing

swelling and bleeding into joint

some loss of function

partial tearing of ligaments

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8
Q

pain may be less severe

swelling

loss of function

bleeding into joint are more marked

complete tear of ligaments producing instability of the joint

A

grade III (SEVERE)

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9
Q

grade III (SEVERE)

A

pain may be less severe

swelling

loss of function

bleeding into joint are more marked

complete tear of ligaments producing instability of the joint

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10
Q

how are sprain dx

what are they trying to rule out

A

physical and radiographic examination to rule out a fracture or other pathology

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11
Q

what is the acronym used for treatment of sprain

A

RICE

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12
Q

what does the R mean when treating sprain

A

REST

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13
Q

what does the I mean when tearing sprain

A

ICE

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14
Q

what does the C mean when treating sprain

A

COMPRESSION

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15
Q

what does the E mean when treating sprain

A

ELEVATION

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16
Q

immediately after injury for the next ___ to____ apply ____for every __ to __

A

24 to 72 hours
ice bag
every 1 to 2 hours

17
Q

the goal of applying ice and wrapping the sprain is

A

is to protect the ligament until it heal by scarring

18
Q

grade III often requires a

A

CAST

19
Q

Arnica applied topically is reported to

A

soothe sore

tired muscle after extended hard work

20
Q

what tea are good muscle relaxant ?

A

valerian or kava

21
Q

is a pulling or tearing of a muscle, tendon or both

A

strain

22
Q

the most commonly places where strain occur

A

hamstring
quadriceps
calf muscle

23
Q

s/s of strain

A

overexertion or
soft tissue
bleeding (ecchymosis)

24
Q

how do you treat a strain

A

apply ice immediately and elevated and rest

use ice for 20 mins each hour

apply heat 48 hours after

25
Q

is the stretching and tearing of ligaments around a joint w/ complete displacement of a bone

A

dislocation

26
Q

is a partial dislocation

occurs from trauma

where are the most common places

A

Subluxation

shoulder
knee
hip
ankle
tempormandibular  joints
27
Q

an outside force pushing from a certain direction

severe pain aggravated by motion of the joints, muscle spasm or abnormal appearance of a joint

A

dislocation

28
Q

how would dislocation be determined

A

by a radiographer will reveal displacement of bone

29
Q

what is the treatment/goal for dislocation

A

is to stabilize the joint after reduction and then

to rehabilitate to minimize muscular atrophy and strengthen the joint

30
Q

what to assess for w/ dislocation

A

adequate perfusion and movement of the affected part and distal

determine whether swelling is present and assess degree of pain

use heat/cold

31
Q

result from repetitive activity, such as throwing or making overhead motion w/ the arm which can result in

A

rotator cuff

degenerative tear

32
Q

if the rotation cuff is torn what would you experience

A

pain

pt cannot perform abduction and external rotation of the injured shoulder

33
Q

what treatment for rotation cuff consist of

A 
rest
sling
and NSAIDs
steroid
anti-inflammatory
34
Q

hyperextension
internal rotation
extreme of external rotation
and decelerations

are all involved

where can this ligament be torn

A

Anterior cruciate ligament (ALC)

femur or tibia

35
Q

s/s of an ALC injury

A

swelling in the hours after the injury

knee feels unstable

full extension of the leg is difficult

36
Q

how are ALC injuries Dx ?

A

by physical examination

radiography

or MRI

37
Q

when is Arthroscopy is performed ?

and how are ALC injuries repair

A

at which time repair may done

w/ tissue graft

38
Q

what type of exercise are recommend for ALC injuries ?

A 
isometric exercise 
quadriceps setting 
gluteal exercise
bent-knee exercise
foot exercise

musculoskeletal part 2 chapter 32 (10 decks)

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