Chapter2 Flashcards
What is androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)?
defect on the A chromosome that impairs an-drogen reception, preventing the XY fetus from responding to testosterone
Chromosomally male, AIS children are born resembling girls, and are generally raised as girls. In many cases they are “diagnosed” as intersex only when they fail to menstruate
What is adrenogenital ( androgenital ) syndrome (AGS)?
The previously used name for congenital adrenal hyperplasia
What is biological essentialism?
Closely related to bio determinism, an argument that rests on the naturalness of social relations and their rootedness in biology.
What is clitoridectomy?
The excision ofthe clitoris, some-times performed on girls with masculinized gen-italia
What is congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?
chromosomally female fetuses undergo abnormal hormonal develop-ment in utero and are born with masculinized
genitalia, though they have the potential to bear children.
What is estrus?
In most female mammals, the reproduc-tive cycle that produces periods of sexual recep-tivity (often described as “heat”) that coincide with ovulation; generally these periods of estrus are accompanied by external signals (visual, ol-factory, etc.).
What is eugenics?
natural selection can be assisted through conscious efforts to im-prove human populations, either by preventing the production of the “unfit” or by increasing the health and fitness of reproductive popula-tions
What is evolutionary psychology?
field of study that studies and explains human psychology and mind as the result of evolutionary adap-tation. Like sociobiology, evolutionary psy-chology uses studies of animal behaviour to understand human psychology.
What is intersex/intersexuals?
People affected by hor-monal and chromosomal disorders leading to some degree of ambiguity in biological sex
In the last third of the twentieth century, at least some intersex people were subjected to radi-cal and aggressive interventions to “re-create” them as “properly” sexed individuals. They were also studied for evidence of the biological basis of gendered behaviour
What is lateralized?
Describing the relative domina-tion of one brain hemisphere over another or, more commonly, the location of a function in one hemisphere of the brain.
What is the palliative system justification motive?
psy-chological theory that explains why individuals who are disadvantaged by a system justify it.
What is parental investment?
In evolutionary theory, the investment of time, energy, etc., made by a parenting organism that might otherwise be directed toward the fitness of the organism itself.
Women are more selective than men when it comes to partners. Women looking for a strong man to provide good sperm and support for their family. Men look for multiple pretty fertile women.
What is STEM?
Fields of study and occupations requiring expertise in one or more of the named areas (science, tech, engineering, and math)
What is social Darwinism?
the theory of natural selection to differences, competition, and inequality among “races,” nations, and families, and between men and women.
What is sociobiology?
study of the biological basis of behaviour in all organisms, including human beings.
What are stereotype threats?
phenomenon in which people performing a certain task feel themselves to be at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about a group to which they belong. The result-ing anxiety has been shown to make people perform less well than they would without the condition of stereotype threat
Is women’s underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) careers the result of biological differences between men and women?
No rather due to stereotype threats, not biological but socially
