Chapter 8 Flashcards
What is bona fide occupational requirement (BFOR)?
A true requirement of a job meriting a possibly discriminatory effect. For example, to work in a warehouse, one might have to meet height and strength requirements that have the effect of discriminating against many women, some ethnic groups, and disabled people. If the requirement is a BFOR, the discrimination is legal.
What is deviance neutralization?
Rationalization strategies are engaged in minimizing the extent to which one deviates from a real or perceived norm. For example, a woman who worries about how her income affects her husband’s self-esteem might claim that his work pays less but is higher-level than hers or might minimize her earnings.
What is emotional labour?
As Arlie Hochschild identified, workplace tasks’ performance is primarily aimed at displaying agreeable emotion (pleasantness, friendliness) and producing emotional states (comfort, ease) in others. While emotional labour is required in many workplaces, female-dominated jobs (secretarial work, flight attendance, service) carry the heaviest.
What is employment equity?
A term coined in the 1980s by Justice Rosalie Abella to describe a process of planning for full workplace integration of Canada’s four equity-seeking groups (women, Aboriginal people, people with disabilities, and visible minorities). Employment equity distinguishes itself from US-style affirmative action.
What is equality?
same-ness of treatment and freedom from discrimination in the form of denial of rights that others enjoy.
What is equity?
Fairness of treatment may mean that different individuals are treated differently to ensure that they can participate fully in society.
What is meant by family wage?
A term developed in the nineteenth century to describe a wage sufficient to allow a male breadwinner to support a wife and children.
What are family-friendly workplace policies?
Policies and workplace cultural changes that reduce conflict between workers’ employment and their family responsibilities. Examples include child care, support for breastfeeding mothers, provisions for eldercare, flexible working arrangements such as job sharing or teleworking, leave provisions, and employee assistance programs.
What is meant by a glass ceiling ?
Barriers (often informal, unconscious, or invisible) to the advancement of a qualified person within a given organization solely based on that person’s sex or minority status.
What is meant by glass cellar?
Warren Farrell’s term for the clustering of male workers within hazardous occupations.
What is meant by a glass escalator?
The phenomenon whereby men in female-dominated occupations experience preferential hiring and promotion.
What is horizontal segregation?
Segregation within occupations in different fields that are roughly similar in terms of education and skill, for example, secretarial work and truck driving.
What is hostile-environment sexual harassment?
The creation of a threatening and hostile atmosphere aimed at making women (or others) feel unwelcome, unsafe, and compromised.
What is labour force participation?
The condition of either being employed or being unemployed but seeking work. The labour force participation rate is usually measured as a percentage of the population between 16 and 65.
What is the Meiorin test?
A stringent and multi-part test that employers can apply to ascertain whether a potentially discriminatory requirement is a BFOR