chapter twelve (textbook).... Flashcards
when did lenin return to petrograd with teh april thesis
3 april 1917 (with help of germans who thought would cause more chaos in russia, so easier to win war..)
when did trotsky join the bolsheviks
2 july 1917
when were the ‘july day’ anti gov demonstrations
3-4 july 1917
when were bolshevik leaders arrested (lenin escaped to finland)
5 to 7 july 1917
when did kornilovs coup fail, leading to the red guards (bolsheviks) being given arms
27-30 july 1917
when did trotsky become chairman of the petrograd soviet
september 1917
when did the bolsheiks command majority in both petrograd and moscow soviets
september 1917
what did the april thesis demand
power should be transferred to the soviets
the war should be brought to an immediate end
all land should be taken over by the state and reallocated
or simplistically; peace, land and bread
initial reactions to the april thesis
some bolsheviks feared lenin was too radical
there were some rumours lenin was being payed by the germans
mensheviks feared lenin would undermine all their work
some found lenins goals unrealistic due to the size of the bolsehviks compared to the other main parties
party opinion to lenin by the end of april 1917
won overy the majority of the central committee of the bolshevik party due to personality
what was one way the bolsheviks turned the public against the provisional government
its leader, kerensky, was interested in keeping the war going- which bolsheviks used to present themselves as the better option ‘for the people’
grain prices increase between february and june in petrograd
double (due to poor harvest)
july days
due to massive economic strain of the period, 20,000 armed sailors from kronstadt attacked property, looted shops and seized key buildings like the railway stations- demanding the control of the soviets
goal was for price controls due to silly amount of inflation
how many jobs were lost in this period due to the shortages of fuel, raw materials, and grain
100,000
red guards
not crack troops but loyal, volunteer soldiers who had been recruited by from the factory workers in the city, were young and old
trained in secret, only revealed during the kornilov coup
kornilov coup
an attempted coup against the provisional government, where the bolsheviks were supplied by weapons by kerensky to fight back, using the secretly trained red army
bolshevik support increase between july and december 1917
164%
when did the bolshevik central committee call for a bolshevik led revolution
10 october 1917
24-27 october (october revolution) events
armed workers + soldiers (red army) led by bolsheviks take over key building and communication centres in petrograd
the remaining members of the provisional government are arrested by bolsheviks
the revolution is announced
congress adopts lenins, ‘peace, land, bread’ in decrees
appoints lenin as chairman of first soviet government
when was the cheka formed
december 1917
cheka
the name given to the bolshevik secret police
where any bolsheviks against the revolution
zinoviev and kamenev thought it was too early and they didnt have enough soldiers or workers support
kerensky response to upcoming october revolution
tried to shut down bolshevik news papers, but the bolsheviks propogandised this into a betrayal of the soviets and a justification for the revolution
kerenskys response to the october revolution
couldnt rely on petrograd troops to defend the provisional government he left petrograd hoping to make contact with loyal troops to bring back to petrograd
percentage of workers and soldiers in the city involved in the storming of the winter palace
5%, 25,000-30,000
decree on peace
27 october;
decree to end the war
led to the armistice in november and official demobilisation prosess)
decree on land
27 october;
abolished private ownership of land
reduced peasant support for srs, and increased support for the bolsheviks
workers control decree
november 1917
gave workers the right to ‘supervise managment’
nationality decree
november 1917
promised self determination to the peoples of the former russian empire
countries response to the nationality decree
finland became an independant state in december, and an elected parliment was set up in ukraine
new social laws under early bolsheviks
november 1917
women given the right to own property
outlawing of sex discrimination
decree against titles
all to become ‘citizens’
military laws under early bolsheviks
december 1917
removed all class ranks, saluting and military decorations from the army
introduced the election of officers by the soviet soldiers
church decree
december 1917
nationalised church land
removed marriage and divorce from church control
money laws under early bolsheviks!!!
december 1917
nationalisation of banks ended the private flow of capital
sovnarkom
the cabinet
made up of the important ministers who would collectively run the country
relationship between the bolsheviks and state bank under early rule
took 10 days for state bank to accept the bolsheviks enough to provide recourses following the storming of the winter palace
even then, only under the threat of armed intervention
when was the storming of the winter palace
25 october 1917
opposition under very early bolshevik rule
kerensky rallied an army with cossacks, sr cadets and officers, etc.
10 days of fighting in moscow between bolshevik revolutionaries and those who preferred the provisional government
how did lenin deal with kerenskys opposition following the october revolution
agreed to share government control/coalition
this agreement was barely furfilled
stopped allowing srs to join sovnarkom by december 1917
how did lenin deal with general opposition following the october revolution
propoganda aginst class enemies (mainly bougeroise)
closure of anti-bolshevik magazines
purge of the civil service
the cheka
imprisoning political opponants
elections in november 1917 results
social revolutionaries won by other other 200 seats
lenin chose to ignore results and denounce elections
constituent assembly
made after november 1917 election
met 1 time on 5th january 1918
lenin dissolved immediately other
