chapter twelve (textbook)....

Question 1

when did lenin return to petrograd with teh april thesis

Answer 1

3 april 1917 (with help of germans who thought would cause more chaos in russia, so easier to win war..)

Question 2

when did trotsky join the bolsheviks

Answer 2

2 july 1917

Question 3

when were the ‘july day’ anti gov demonstrations

Answer 3

3-4 july 1917

Question 4

when were bolshevik leaders arrested (lenin escaped to finland)

Answer 4

5 to 7 july 1917

Question 5

when did kornilovs coup fail, leading to the red guards (bolsheviks) being given arms

Answer 5

27-30 july 1917

Question 6

when did trotsky become chairman of the petrograd soviet

Answer 6

september 1917

Question 7

when did the bolsheiks command majority in both petrograd and moscow soviets

Answer 7

september 1917

Question 8

what did the april thesis demand

Answer 8

power should be transferred to the soviets
the war should be brought to an immediate end
all land should be taken over by the state and reallocated
or simplistically; peace, land and bread

Question 9

initial reactions to the april thesis

Answer 9

some bolsheviks feared lenin was too radical
there were some rumours lenin was being payed by the germans
mensheviks feared lenin would undermine all their work
some found lenins goals unrealistic due to the size of the bolsehviks compared to the other main parties

Question 10

party opinion to lenin by the end of april 1917

Answer 10

won overy the majority of the central committee of the bolshevik party due to personality

Question 11

what was one way the bolsheviks turned the public against the provisional government

Answer 11

its leader, kerensky, was interested in keeping the war going- which bolsheviks used to present themselves as the better option ‘for the people’

Question 12

grain prices increase between february and june in petrograd

Answer 12

double (due to poor harvest)

Question 13

july days

Answer 13

due to massive economic strain of the period, 20,000 armed sailors from kronstadt attacked property, looted shops and seized key buildings like the railway stations- demanding the control of the soviets
goal was for price controls due to silly amount of inflation

Question 14

how many jobs were lost in this period due to the shortages of fuel, raw materials, and grain

Answer 14

100,000

Question 15

red guards

Answer 15

not crack troops but loyal, volunteer soldiers who had been recruited by from the factory workers in the city, were young and old
trained in secret, only revealed during the kornilov coup

Question 16

kornilov coup

Answer 16

an attempted coup against the provisional government, where the bolsheviks were supplied by weapons by kerensky to fight back, using the secretly trained red army

Question 17

bolshevik support increase between july and december 1917

Answer 17

164%

Question 18

when did the bolshevik central committee call for a bolshevik led revolution

Answer 18

10 october 1917

Question 19

24-27 october (october revolution) events

Answer 19

armed workers + soldiers (red army) led by bolsheviks take over key building and communication centres in petrograd
the remaining members of the provisional government are arrested by bolsheviks
the revolution is announced
congress adopts lenins, ‘peace, land, bread’ in decrees
appoints lenin as chairman of first soviet government

Question 20

when was the cheka formed

Answer 20

december 1917

Question 21

cheka

Answer 21

the name given to the bolshevik secret police

Question 22

where any bolsheviks against the revolution

Answer 22

zinoviev and kamenev thought it was too early and they didnt have enough soldiers or workers support

Question 23

kerensky response to upcoming october revolution

Answer 23

tried to shut down bolshevik news papers, but the bolsheviks propogandised this into a betrayal of the soviets and a justification for the revolution

Question 24

kerenskys response to the october revolution

Answer 24

couldnt rely on petrograd troops to defend the provisional government he left petrograd hoping to make contact with loyal troops to bring back to petrograd

Question 25

percentage of workers and soldiers in the city involved in the storming of the winter palace

Answer 25

5%, 25,000-30,000

Question 26

decree on peace

Answer 26

27 october;
decree to end the war
led to the armistice in november and official demobilisation prosess)

Question 27

decree on land

Answer 27

27 october;
abolished private ownership of land
reduced peasant support for srs, and increased support for the bolsheviks

Question 28

workers control decree

Answer 28

november 1917
gave workers the right to ‘supervise managment’

Question 29

nationality decree

Answer 29

november 1917
promised self determination to the peoples of the former russian empire

Question 30

countries response to the nationality decree

Answer 30

finland became an independant state in december, and an elected parliment was set up in ukraine

Question 31

new social laws under early bolsheviks

Answer 31

november 1917
women given the right to own property
outlawing of sex discrimination
decree against titles
all to become ‘citizens’

Question 32

military laws under early bolsheviks

Answer 32

december 1917
removed all class ranks, saluting and military decorations from the army
introduced the election of officers by the soviet soldiers

Question 33

church decree

Answer 33

december 1917
nationalised church land
removed marriage and divorce from church control

Question 34

money laws under early bolsheviks!!!

Answer 34

december 1917
nationalisation of banks ended the private flow of capital

Question 35

sovnarkom

Answer 35

the cabinet
made up of the important ministers who would collectively run the country

Question 36

relationship between the bolsheviks and state bank under early rule

Answer 36

took 10 days for state bank to accept the bolsheviks enough to provide recourses following the storming of the winter palace
even then, only under the threat of armed intervention

Question 37

when was the storming of the winter palace

Answer 37

25 october 1917

Question 38

opposition under very early bolshevik rule

Answer 38

kerensky rallied an army with cossacks, sr cadets and officers, etc.
10 days of fighting in moscow between bolshevik revolutionaries and those who preferred the provisional government

Question 39

how did lenin deal with kerenskys opposition following the october revolution

Answer 39

agreed to share government control/coalition
this agreement was barely furfilled
stopped allowing srs to join sovnarkom by december 1917

Question 40

how did lenin deal with general opposition following the october revolution

Answer 40

propoganda aginst class enemies (mainly bougeroise)
closure of anti-bolshevik magazines
purge of the civil service
the cheka
imprisoning political opponants

Question 41

elections in november 1917 results

Answer 41

social revolutionaries won by other other 200 seats
lenin chose to ignore results and denounce elections

Question 42

constituent assembly

Answer 42

made after november 1917 election
met 1 time on 5th january 1918
lenin dissolved immediately other