Chapter Six: Muscular System Flashcards
Muscle cells
Myocytes
Myocytes are wrapped in the….
Endomysium
Endomysium wrapped myocytes are bundled and wrapped in the…
Perimysium
Endomysium wrapped myocytes are bundled and wrapped in perimmysium to create a…
fascicle
Fasciles are bundled and wrapped in the…
perimysium
Fascicles are bundled and wrapped in the epimysium to create a…
muscle
Muscles attach to bone via strong connective tissue called a…
tendon
the fixed end of the muscle is the…
origin
The moveable end of the muscle is the…
insertion
The proximal/distal, superior/inferior, medial/lateral, etc. of muscles is called…
Attachment points
Myocytes are made from many fused immature cells; up to ____ nuclei per mature cell
50
Basic functional unit of the muscular system
Sarcomere
Thick filaments are made of…
myosin
Thin filaments are made of…
Actin
The cell membrane of muscle cells is called the…
Sarcolemma
The cytoplasm of the muscle cell is the…
Sarcoplasm
The Endoplasmic Reticulum of the muscle cell is the…
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
_________ _______________ (AP) cause Sodium ion channels on sarcolemma to open, triggering the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Action Potentials
Ca2+ ions in the muscular system interact with…
Myofilaments
To prevent superficial myofilaments from contracting sooner than deep myofilaments, the sarcolemma penetrates into myocytes in the form of…
T-tubules
T-tubules surround ___________ ____________ which are enlarged areas of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that store Ca2+ ions
terminal cisternae
The portion of T-tubule and terminal cisternae that surround sarcomere are called the…
triad
What type of muscle tissue?
- found exclusively in the heart
- contracts using sarcomeres
- myocytes are shorter and branched; intercalated discs
- gap junctions allow for function syncytium (contraction all at once in a coordinated fashion)
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
What type of muscle tissue?
- found throughout body: blood vessels, GI tract, bronchioles
- contraction is not through use of sarcomeres; autonomic
Smooth Muscle Tissue
What type of muscle tissue?
- voluntary, somatic
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
