Chapter One: Introduction

Question 0

Oldest medical science [1600 bc]

Answer 0

Anatomy

Question 1

Vertebrates are characterized by their…

Answer 1

Segmented vertebral column

Question 2

Study of function of body parts and systems

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

Describe the structure of the body

Answer 3

Anatomy

Question 4

Study of functions of anatomical structures

Answer 4

Physiology

Question 5

Goal of physiological regulation and the key to survival in a changing environment

Answer 5

Homeostasis

Question 6

oldest medical science

Answer 6

Anatomy

Question 7

Study of internal and external structures of the body and the physical relationships among the body parts

Answer 7

Anatomy

Question 8

Study of living organism’s body parts and systems and how they perform vital functions

Answer 8

Physiology

Question 9

use of word roots, prefixes, suffixes and combining forms to construct terms

Answer 9

Medical terminology

Question 10

study of large structures and visible structures

Answer 10

Gross Anatomy [Macroscopic anatomy]

Question 11

study of exterior features

Answer 11

surface anatomy

Question 12

study of body areas

Answer 12

regional anatomy

Question 13

study of organ systems

Answer 13

systemic anatomy

Question 14

study of conception to death [includes embryology]

Answer 14

developmental anatomy

Question 15

medical specialities

Answer 15

clinical anatomy

Question 16

study of cells and molecules

Answer 16

microscopic anatomy

Question 17

study of cells and structures

Answer 17

cytology

Question 18

study of tissues and structures

Answer 18

histology

Question 19

study of the functions of the human body

Answer 19

human physiology

Question 20

study of the processes within and between cells

Answer 20

cell physiology

Question 21

study of the functions of an organ system

Answer 21

systemic physiology

Question 22

study of the effects of diseases

Answer 22

pathological physiology

Question 23

smalles chemical/matter units

Answer 23

atoms

Question 24

group of atoms working together

Answer 24

molecules

Question 25

group of atoms, molecules, and organelles working together

Answer 25

cells

Question 26

group of similar cells working together

Answer 26

tissues

Question 27

group of tissues working together

Answer 27

organs

Question 28

group of organs working together

Answer 28

organ system

Question 29

the whole life form

Answer 29

organism

Question 30

Hierarchy of body structures

Answer 30

atoms –> molecules –> cells –> tissues –> organs –> organ systems –> organism

Question 31

body system’s way of working together to maintain a stable internal body environment

Answer 31

homeostasis

Question 32

automatic response in a cell, tissue or organ to some environmental change

Answer 32

Autoregulation [intrinsic regulation]

Question 33

responses controlled by nervous and endocrine systems [hormones]

Answer 33

Entrinsic regulation

Question 34

Parts of the homeostatic regulatory mechanism

Answer 34

1. receptor
2. control center
3. effector

Question 35

receives the stimulus

Answer 35

receptor

Question 36

processes signal and sends instructions

Answer 36

control center

Question 37

carries out instructions

Answer 37

effector

Question 38

• Response of the effector negates the stimulus

- regulates homeostasis

Answer 38

Negative feedback

Question 39

• response of the effector increases the change of stimulus

- causes extreme responses

Answer 39

Positive feedback

Question 40

continual adaptation

Answer 40

dynamic equilibrium